Observational studyCardiovascular diabetology2015
Gender differences in the progression of target organ damage in patients with increased insulin resistance: the LOD-DIABETES study.
Observational study in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01065155 (Central Blood Pressure and Pulse Wave Velocity), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Central Blood Pressure and Pulse Wave Velocity: Relationship to Target Organ Damage and Cardiovascular Morbidity-mortality in Diabetic Patients. An Observational Prospective Study. LOD-DIABETES: Study Protocol
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-Specific Associations Between Metabolic Patterns and Renal Function Decline: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Southeastern China.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2025Article
- Gender Differences in the Incidence of Nephropathy and Changes in Renal Function in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2024Article
- Gender-specific differences in hemodialysis patients: a multicenter longitudinal study from Serbia.International urology and nephrology · 2022Article
- Impact of obesity, fasting plasma glucose level, blood pressure, and renal function on the severity of COVID-19: A matter of sexual dimorphism?Diabetes research and clinical practice · 2020Article
- Sex Differences in Glutathione Peroxidase Activity and Central Obesity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes at High Risk of Cardio-Renal Disease.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Observational
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Impact of Biological Sex on Disease Development and Molecular Signatures.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Review
- Gender differences in hospital admissions for major cardiovascular events and procedures in people with and without diabetes in England: a nationwide study 2004-2014.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2017Article
- Target organ damage and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Strong Heart Study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2017Article
- Ankle-brachial index and incident diabetes mellitus: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2016Article
- The influence of body composition on renal function in patients with coronary artery disease and its prognostic significance: a retrospective cohort study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2016Article
- Risk factors of gender for renal progression in patients with early chronic kidney disease.Medicine · 2016Article
- Sex and Gender Differences in Risk, Pathophysiology and Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Endocrine reviews · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe purpose of this study was to analyze the evolution of vascular, cardiac and renal target organ damage (TOD) in patients with increased insulin resistance over a 3.5 year follow-up and to investigate gender difference and factors that influence its progression.
methodsWe performed a prospective observational study involving 112 patients (71 men, 41 women) who were followed for 3.5 years. Measurements included blood pressure, blood glucose, lipids, smoking, body mass index (BMI) and HOMA-Ir Vascular TOD included carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and ankle/brachial index (ABI). Cardiac TOD included Cornell voltage-duration product and Sokolow. Renal TOD included creatinine, glomerular filtration and albumin/creatinine ratio.
resultsThe IMT increased in both genders. Each year, the IMT increased 0.005 mm in men and 0.011 in women and the PWV 0.024 and 0.020 m/sec, respectively. The highest increase was in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus, who had an increase in TOD carotid (40%), PWV (24%) and renal TOD (20 %). Multiple regression analysis, after adjusting for age and gender, showed a negative association between duration since diabetes diagnosis and ABI (β = -0.006; p = 0.017) and between BMI and glomerular filtration (β = -0.813; p = 0.014). HbA1c was positively associated with PWV (β = 0.501; p = 0.014).
conclusionsThis study showed that the progression of vascular and renal TOD differs by gender. The increase in vascular and renal TOD was higher in women, especially in diabetic women. The PWV increase showed a positive association with mean HbA1c levels during the follow-up. Glomerular filtration was associated with BMI and the ABI was associated with duration since type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis.
trial registrationClinical Trials.gov Identifier NCT01065155.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.