Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26426828›Full record

ArticleThyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association2015

Thyroid Cancer and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Use: A Pooled Analysis of Patients Older Than 40 Years of Age.

Dhaval Patel, Cari M Kitahara, Yikyung Park, Linda M Liao, Martha Linet, Electron Kebebew, Naris Nilubol

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. The changing incidence of thyroid cancer.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2016
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Dhaval Patel1 Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
Cari M Kitahara2 Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Radiation Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
Yikyung Park3 Division of Public Health Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis, Missouri.
Linda M Liao4 Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Nutrition Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
Martha Linet4 Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Nutrition Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
Electron Kebebew1 Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
Naris Nilubol1 Endocrine Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland.
National Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Intramural NIH HHS
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCyclooxygenase (COX-2) has been associated with tumor growth and metastasis in several cancers, including thyroid cancer. For this reason, several investigators have studied COX-2 inhibitors in preclinical models of thyroid cancer and found antineoplastic effects. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to assess if the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with a reduced incidence of thyroid cancer. A second aim of the study was to determine additional risk or protective factors for thyroid cancer.

methodsThree large prospective population-based studies (the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study; the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial; and the U.S. Radiologic Technologists Study) were pooled to investigate the association between self-reported frequency of aspirin and nonaspirin NSAID use one year prior to baseline (no use, ≤ 2/week, >2-6/week, and ≥ 7/week) and subsequent risk of thyroid cancer. A Cox regression proportional hazard model was used to estimate aggregated hazard ratios (HR) adjusted for cohort, sex, race/ethnicity, weight, smoking status, and alcohol intake.

resultsThere were 388,577 participants in the pooled cohort, with 481 cases of thyroid cancer. No significant risk reduction was observed with regular use of nonaspirin NSAIDs (HR = 1.14 [confidence interval (CI) 0.84-1.55]), and/or regular use of aspirin (HR = 1.06 [CI 0.82-1.39]). The multivariate regression analysis confirmed as previously reported in the literature that female sex, obesity class I (body mass index [BMI] = 30-34.99 kg/m(2)), and obesity class II (BMI = 35-35.99 kg/m(2)) were independently associated with an increased thyroid cancer risk. Current smoking status and moderate and excessive alcohol use were also confirmed as independent risk factors associated with a reduced thyroid cancer risk.

conclusionsNeither nonaspirin NSAIDs nor aspirin use is associated with a reduced risk of thyroid cancer. Women and obesity are associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer, whereas smoking and alcohol use are associated with decreased risk of thyroid cancer.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAlcohol DrinkingAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisObesityProportional Hazards ModelsProtective FactorsRisk FactorsSex FactorsSmokingAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal

Identifiers

PMID26426828
PMCPMC4684667
OpenAlexW2175013560

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.