Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26426050›Full record

ArticleToxins2015

Passive Immunotherapy Protects against Enteric Invasion and Lethal Sepsis in a Murine Model of Gastrointestinal Anthrax.

Bruce Huang, Tao Xie, David Rotstein, Hui Fang, David M Frucht

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Toxins, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Bruce HuangDivision of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Product Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, USA. bruce.huang@fda.hhs.gov.
Tao XieDivision of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Product Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, USA. tao.xie@fda.hhs.gov.
David RotsteinDivision of Compliance, Center for Veterinary Medicine, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, MD 20855, USA. david.rotstein@fda.hhs.gov.
Hui FangDivision of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Product Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, USA. hui.fang@fda.hhs.gov.
David M FruchtDivision of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Product Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, USA. david.frucht@fda.hhs.gov.
United States Food and Drug Administration · USCenter for Veterinary Medicine · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The principal portal for anthrax infection in natural animal outbreaks is the digestive tract. Enteric exposure to anthrax, which is difficult to detect or prevent in a timely manner, could be exploited as an act of terror through contamination of human or animal food. Our group has developed a novel animal model of gastrointestinal (GI) anthrax for evaluation of disease pathogenesis and experimental therapeutics, utilizing vegetative Bacillus anthracis (Sterne strain) administered to A/J mice (a complement-deficient strain) by oral gavage. We hypothesized that a humanized recombinant monoclonal antibody (mAb) * that neutralizes the protective antigen (PA) component of B. anthracis lethal toxin (LT) and edema toxin (ET) could be an effective treatment. Although the efficacy of this anti-anthrax PA mAb has been shown in animal models of inhalational anthrax, its activity in GI infection had not yet been ascertained. We hereby demonstrate that passive immunotherapy with anti-anthrax PA mAb, administered at the same time as gastrointestinal exposure to B. anthracis, prevents lethal sepsis in nearly all cases (>90%), while a delay of up to forty-eight hours in treatment still greatly reduces mortality following exposure (65%). Moreover, passive immunotherapy protects against enteric invasion, associated mucosal injury and subsequent dissemination by gastrointestinal B. anthracis, indicating that it acts to prevent the initial stages of infection. * Expired raxibacumab being cycled off the Strategic National Stockpile; biological activity confirmed by in vitro assay.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnthraxAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntigens, BacterialBacillus anthracisBacterial ToxinsDisease Models, AnimalDrug Administration ScheduleFemaleGastroenteritisImmunization, PassiveIntestinal MucosaMice, Inbred StrainsSepsisanthrax toxinAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntigens, BacterialBacterial Toxinsanthrax toxinedema factorgastrointestinal anthraxlethal factormonoclonal antibodyprotective antigenraxibacumab

Identifiers

PMID26426050
PMCPMC4626714
OpenAlexW1774143086

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.