ReviewAging and disease2015
Does Infection-Induced Immune Activation Contribute to Dementia?
Review in Aging and disease, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- What Animal Models Can Tell Us About Long-Term Psychiatric Symptoms in Sepsis Survivors: a Systematic Review.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2021Pooled it
- Long-Term Cognitive Outcomes After Sepsis: a Translational Systematic Review.Molecular neurobiology · 2019Pooled it
- NLRP3-mediated trained immunity of microglia is involved in the recurrence-like episode of depressive disorders.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Potential of Neuroinflammation-Modulating Strategies in Tuberculous Meningitis: Targeting Microglia.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns, a Class of Potential Psoriasis Drug Targets.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Interactions between CNS and immune cells in tuberculous meningitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- A review of the roles of pathogens in Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes regulate microglia phenotypes: a promising treatment for acute central nervous system injury.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- Does Dementia Have a Microbial Cause?NeuroSci · 2022Review
- Inflammatory Cascade in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis: A Review of Experimental Findings.Cells · 2021Review
- Deficiency of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) Exacerbates Brain Damage and Cognitive Deficit in A Mouse Model of Vascular Dementia.Aging and disease · 2021Article
- A nationwide study of the long-term prevalence of dementia and its risk factors in the Swedish intensive care cohort.Critical care (London, England) · 2020Article
- The Role of Secretase Pathway in Long-term Brain Inflammation and Cognitive Impairment in an Animal Model of Severe Sepsis.Molecular neurobiology · 2020Article
- The Possibility of an Infectious Etiology of Alzheimer Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2019Review
- Human Interleukin-34 facilitates microglia-like cell differentiation and persistent HIV-1 infection in humanized mice.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2019Article
- Thrombin and theFrontiers in neurology · 2019Review
- Toll-like receptor 3 activation impairs excitability and synaptic activity via TRIF signalling in immature rat and human neurons.Neuropharmacology · 2018Article
- Inflammatory Response in the CNS: Friend or Foe?Molecular neurobiology · 2017Review
- Septicemia is associated with increased risk for dementia: a population-based longitudinal study.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Genetic, Transcriptome, Proteomic, and Epidemiological Evidence for Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption and Polymicrobial Brain Invasion as Determinant Factors in Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) is protected by a complex blood-brain barrier system; however, a broad diversity of virus, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa can gain access and cause illness. As pathogens replicate, they release molecules that can be recognized by innate immune cells. These molecules are pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) and they are identified by pattern-recognition receptors (PRR) expressed on antigen-presenting cells. Examples of PRR include toll-like receptors (TLR), receptors for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE), nucleotide binding oligomerisation domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLR), c-type lectin receptors (CLR), RIG-I-like receptors (RLR), and intra-cytosolic DNA sensors. The reciprocal action between PAMP and PRR triggers the release of inflammatory mediators that regulate the elimination of invasive pathogens. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMP) are endogenous constituents released from damaged cells that also have the ability to activate the innate immune response. An increase of RAGE expression levels on neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells could be responsible for the accumulation of αβ-amyloid in dementia and related to the chronic inflammatory state that is found in neurodegenerative disorders.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.