ArticlePublic health action2014
Providing a gateway to prevention and care for the most at-risk populations in Bhutan: is this being achieved?
Article in Public health action, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Establishing HIV transmission pathways in Bhutan: a modelling study.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2025Article
- Challenges in expanding access to antiretroviral therapy for key affected populations.Public health action · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
settingTwo free-standing urban human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and counselling (HCT) centres in Bhutan offering services to the general population and targeting the most at-risk populations (MARPs).
objectivesTo assess the trend in testing for HIV, hepatitis B and syphilis in both the general population and MARPs, and to determine if sociodemographic and risk behaviour characteristics are associated with HIV, hepatitis B and syphilis seropositivity.
designCross-sectional study using client records, 2009 - 2012.
resultsOf 7894 clients, 3009 (38%) were from the general population, while 4885 (62%) were from MARPs. Over the 4-year period, testing declined progressively among the general population, while it increased or remained static for MARPs. Of 4885 MARPs, seropositivity was respectively 0.7%, 1.3% and 1.2% for HIV, hepatitis B and syphilis. Female sex workers (FSWs) (relative risk [RR] 4.4, P = 0.03) and partners of person living with HIV (RR 25.9, P < 0.001) had a higher risk of being HIV-positive. FSWs had also a greater risk of being syphilis-positive (RR 9.1, P < 0.001).
conclusionThe increase in uptake of HCT services by MARPs is a welcome finding; however, the relatively static trends call for the introduction of community outreach approaches. The critical gateway being provided to MARPs is an 'opportunity' for the expansion of the current service package.
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