Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26419336›Full record

ArticleHeredity2016

Ancestral whole-genome duplication in the marine chelicerate horseshoe crabs.

N J Kenny, K W Chan, W Nong, Z Qu, I Maeso, H Y Yip, T F Chan, H S Kwan, P W H Holland, K H Chu and 1 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Heredity, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 64 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
64citing papers in PubMed
20.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

64 citing papers in PubMed, 147 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Characterization of the Complete Mitochondrial Genome ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Gene and Genome Duplication in Spiders.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2025
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Convergent evolution of giant size in eurypterids.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Transcriptomic Signature of Horseshoe CrabCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2022
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

N J KennySimon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Center of Soybean Research, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
K W ChanSimon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Center of Soybean Research, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
W NongSimon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Center of Soybean Research, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Z QuSimon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Center of Soybean Research, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
I MaesoCentro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain.
H Y YipSimon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Center of Soybean Research, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
T F ChanSchool of Life Sciences, Center of Soybean Research, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
H S KwanSchool of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
P W H HollandDepartment of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
K H ChuSimon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
J H L HuiSimon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Center of Soybean Research, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Chinese University of Hong Kong · CNUniversidad Pablo de Olavide · ESUniversity of Oxford · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Whole-genome duplication (WGD) results in new genomic resources that can be exploited by evolution for rewiring genetic regulatory networks in organisms. In metazoans, WGD occurred before the last common ancestor of vertebrates, and has been postulated as a major evolutionary force that contributed to their speciation and diversification of morphological structures. Here, we have sequenced genomes from three of the four extant species of horseshoe crabs-Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda, Limulus polyphemus and Tachypleus tridentatus. Phylogenetic and sequence analyses of their Hox and other homeobox genes, which encode crucial transcription factors and have been used as indicators of WGD in animals, strongly suggests that WGD happened before the last common ancestor of these marine chelicerates >135 million years ago. Signatures of subfunctionalisation of paralogues of Hox genes are revealed in the appendages of two species of horseshoe crabs. Further, residual homeobox pseudogenes are observed in the three lineages. The existence of WGD in the horseshoe crabs, noted for relative morphological stasis over geological time, suggests that genomic diversity need not always be reflected phenotypically, in contrast to the suggested situation in vertebrates. This study provides evidence of ancient WGD in the ecdysozoan lineage, and reveals new opportunities for studying genomic and regulatory evolution after WGD in the Metazoa.

Indexed as

Gene DuplicationGenomePhylogenyAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsBiological EvolutionGenes, HomeoboxHorseshoe CrabsMolecular Sequence DataSequence Analysis, DNA

Identifiers

PMID26419336
PMCPMC4806888
OpenAlexW2177802157

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.