Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26418950›Full record

ArticleOncotarget2015

Apoptosis induced by temozolomide and nimustine in glioblastoma cells is supported by JNK/c-Jun-mediated induction of the BH3-only protein BIM.

Maja T Tomicic, Ruth Meise, Dorthe Aasland, Nancy Berte, Rebekka Kitzinger, Oliver H Krämer, Bernd Kaina, Markus Christmann

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Oncotarget, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Maja T TomicicDepartment of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
Ruth MeiseDepartment of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
Dorthe AaslandDepartment of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
Nancy BerteDepartment of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
Rebekka KitzingerDepartment of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
Oliver H KrämerDepartment of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
Bernd KainaDepartment of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
Markus ChristmannDepartment of Toxicology, University Medical Center Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz · DEUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The outcome of cancer therapy strongly depends on the complex network of cell signaling pathways, including transcription factor activation following drug exposure. Here we assessed whether and how the MAP kinase (MAPK) cascade and its downstream target, the transcription factor AP-1, influence the sensitivity of malignant glioma cells to the anticancer drugs temozolomide (TMZ) and nimustine (ACNU). Both drugs induce apoptosis in glioma cells at late times following treatment. Activation of the MAPK cascade precedes apoptosis, as shown by phosphorylation of Jun kinase (JNK) and c-Jun, a main component of AP-1. Pharmacological inhibition and siRNA mediated knockdown of JNK and c-Jun reduced the level of apoptosis in LN-229 glioma cells treated with TMZ or ACNU. Analyzing the underlying molecular mechanism, we identified the pro-apoptotic gene BIM as a critical target of AP-1, which is upregulated following TMZ and ACNU. Importantly, shRNA mediated downregulation of BIM in the malignant glioma cell lines LN-229 and U87MG led to an attenuated cleavage of caspase-9 and, consequently, reduced the level of apoptosis following TMZ and ACNU treatment. Overall, we identified JNK/c-Jun activation and BIM induction as a late pro-apoptotic response of glioma cells treated with alkylating anticancer drugs.

Indexed as

ApoptosisAntineoplastic Agents, AlkylatingAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsBcl-2-Like Protein 11Cell Line, TumorCell NucleusComet AssayDacarbazineGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticGlioblastomaHumansMAP Kinase Kinase 4MAP Kinase Signaling SystemMembrane ProteinsNimustineAntineoplastic Agents, AlkylatingApoptosis Regulatory ProteinsBCL2L11 protein, humanBcl-2-Like Protein 11DacarbazineMAP Kinase Kinase 4Membrane ProteinsNimustineProto-Oncogene ProteinsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-junRNA, Small InterferingTemozolomideACNUBIMhigh-grade gliomasJNKTMZ

Identifiers

PMID26418950
PMCPMC4741800
OpenAlexW2307968158

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.