Trial reportProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015
Stress impairs cognitive flexibility in infants.
Trial report in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- The effect of acute stress on executive function in children: Moderation by parasympathetic nervous system activity.Journal of experimental child psychology · 2026Article
- Early-Life Psychological Stress Impairs Spatial Learning and Memory in Rats by Altering the Hippocampal Proteome.Behavior genetics · 2026Article
- Naturalistic Associations Between Childhood Maltreatment, Compulsivity, and Eating Disorder Symptoms Over a 12-Months Period Among Individuals With Anorexia Nervosa.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2026Article
- Dawn of the dread: threatening cinematic virtual reality environments enhance general but not specific pavlovian-instrumental transfer.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2026Article
- Resilience phenotypes derived from an active inference account of allostasis.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- Witnessing their mother's acute and prolonged stress affects executive functioning in children.Communications psychology · 2024Article
- The development of cognitive flexibility and its implications for mental health disorders.Psychological medicine · 2024Article
- Decision-making under stress: A psychological and neurobiological integrative model.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- The modulation of acute stress on model-free and model-based reinforcement learning in gambling disorder.Journal of behavioral addictions · 2022Article
- Stress diminishes outcome but enhances response representations during instrumental learning.eLife · 2022Article
- Stress axis programming generates long-term effects on cognitive abilities in a cooperative breeder.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2022Article
- Unsuppressed Striatal Activity and Genetic Risk for Schizophrenia Associated With Individual Cognitive Performance Under Social Competition.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2022Article
- Stress induces microglia-associated synaptic circuit alterations in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex.Neurobiology of stress · 2021Article
- A Treatment Plan for Dogs (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2020Article
- Enhanced Avoidance Habits in Relation to History of Early-Life Stress.Frontiers in psychology · 2019Article
- Cognition in the field: comparison of reversal learning performance in captive and wild passerines.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- A Deletion Variant of the α2b-Adrenoceptor Modulates the Stress-Induced Shift from "Cognitive" to "Habit" Memory.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2017Article
- Stress-induced cortisol hampers memory generalization.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2016Article
- Domestication and ontogeny effects on the stress response in young chickens (Gallus gallus).Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Stress potentiates decision biases: A stress induced deliberation-to-intuition (SIDI) model.Neurobiology of stress · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In human adults, learning and memory under acute stress are characterized by an increased use of rigid habitual response strategies at the cost of flexible cognitive strategies. The immediate effects of stress on cognitive functioning early in life are not well understood. Here we show experimentally that acute stress leads human infants to perform habitual behavior rigidly. We found that 15-mo-old infants exposed to stress thereafter kept performing a previously effective action, even after the action suddenly became ineffective. Infants in a no-stress control group flexibly adjusted their behavior by disengaging from the newly ineffective action in favor of exploring an alternative action. This finding demonstrates that stress impairs infants' ability to adjust their behavior to changing circumstances.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.