ArticleBMC genomics2015
Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains harbor at least three distinct sequence types of Shiga toxin 2a-converting phages.
Article in BMC genomics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors Governing the Cross-Species Virulence of Shiga Toxin-ProducingPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A prophage encoded ribosomal RNA methyltransferase regulates the virulence of Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC).Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Pathogenomes and virulence profiles of representative big six non-O157 serogroup Shiga toxin-producingFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Emerging applications of phage therapy and fecal virome transplantation for treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection: challenges and perspectives.Gut pathogens · 2023Review
- Characterization of the flanking region of the Shiga toxin operon in Stx2a bacteriophages reveals a diversity of the NanS-p sialate O-acetylesterase gene.AIMS microbiology · 2023Article
- Pathogenomes and variations in Shiga toxin production among geographically distinct clones ofMicrobial genomics · 2022Article
- Genome Sequence Analysis and Characterization of Shiga Toxin 2 Production byFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Variability in the Occupancy ofToxins · 2021Article
- Replication Region Analysis Reveals Non-lambdoid Shiga Toxin Converting Bacteriophages.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Genomic Characterization of Two Shiga Toxin-Converting Bacteriophages Induced From Environmental Shiga Toxin-ProducingFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Inconsistent PCR detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli: Insights from whole genome sequence analyses.PloS one · 2021Article
- Characterization of Shiga Toxin 2a Encoding Bacteriophages Isolated From High-Virulent O145:H25 Shiga Toxin-ProducingFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- A Toxic Environment: a Growing Understanding of How Microbial Communities Affect Escherichia coli O157:H7 Shiga Toxin Expression.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2020Review
- Pathogenomes of Atypical Non-shigatoxigenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- The Virulence ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Article
- Carriage of Shiga toxin phage profoundly affects Escherichia coli gene expression and carbon source utilization.BMC genomics · 2019Article
- Prediction, Diversity, and Genomic Analysis of Temperate Phages Induced From Shiga Toxin-ProducingFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- Article
- Closed Genome and Comparative Phylogenetic Analysis of the Clinical Multidrug Resistant Shigella sonnei Strain 866.Genome biology and evolution · 2018Article
- Non-pathogenicFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundShiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a foodborne pathogen that causes severe human diseases including hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). The virulence factor that mediates HUS, Shiga toxin (Stx), is encoded within the genome of a lambdoid prophage. Although draft sequences are publicly available for a large number of E. coli O157:H7 strains, the high sequence similarity of stx-converting bacteriophages with other lambdoid prophages poses challenges to accurately assess the organization and plasticity among stx-converting phages due to assembly difficulties.
methodsTo further explore genome plasticity of stx-converting prophages, we enriched phage DNA from 45 ciprofloxacin-induced cultures for subsequent 454 pyrosequencing to facilitate assembly of the complete phage genomes. In total, 22 stx2a-converting phage genomes were closed.
resultsComparison of the genomes distinguished nine distinct phage sequence types (PSTs) delineated by variation in obtained sequences, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion sequence element prevalence and location. These nine PSTs formed three distinct clusters, designated as PST1, PST2 and PST3. The PST2 cluster, identified in two clade 8 strains, was related to stx2a-converting phages previously identified in non-O157 Shiga-toxin producing E. coli (STEC) strains associated with a high incidence of HUS. The PST1 cluster contained phages related to those from E. coli O157:H7 strain Sakai (lineage I, clade 1), and PST3 contained a single phage that was distinct from the rest but most related to the phage from E. coli O157:H7 strain EC4115 (lineage I/II, clade 8). Five strains carried identical stx2a-converting phages (PST1-1) integrated at the same chromosomal locus, but these strains produced different levels of Stx2.
conclusionThe stx2a-converting phages of E. coli O157:H7 can be categorized into at least three phage types. Diversification within a phage type is mainly driven by IS629 and by a small number of SNPs. Polymorphisms between phage genomes may help explain differences in Stx2a production between strains, however our data indicates that genes encoded external to the phage affect toxin production as well.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.