Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26416657›Full record

ReviewThe Journal of infectious diseases2016

Gain-of-Function Research and the Relevance to Clinical Practice.

Andy Kilianski, Jennifer B Nuzzo, Kayvon Modjarrad

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Understanding biosafety practitioner perspectives.Politics and the life sciences : the journal of the Association for Politics and the Life Sciences · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Reply to Lipsitch.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2016
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Andy KilianskiBioDefense Branch, Biosciences Division, Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground.
Jennifer B NuzzoUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical Center-Center for Health Security, Baltimore.
Kayvon ModjarradUS Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute for Research, Silver Spring, Maryland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The ongoing moratorium on gain-of-function (GOF) research with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus has drawn attention to the current debate on these research practices and the potential benefits and risks they present. While much of the discussion has been steered by members of the microbiology and policy communities, additional input from medical practitioners will be highly valuable toward developing a broadly inclusive policy that considers the relative value and harm of GOF research. This review attempts to serve as a primer on the topic for the clinical community by providing a historical context for GOF research, summarizing concerns about its risks, and surveying the medical products that it has yielded.

Indexed as

RNA Virus InfectionsAnimalsBiomedical ResearchHealth PolicyHumansInfluenza A virusMiceMiddle East Respiratory Syndrome CoronavirusMutationPandemicsResearch DesignSevere acute respiratory syndrome-related coronaviruscoronavirusgain of functionhealth policyinfluenzapotential pandemic pathogensscience policy

Identifiers

PMID26416657
PMCPMC7107371

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.