Trial reportHealth and quality of life outcomes2015
The negative impact of spasticity on the health-related quality of life of stroke survivors: a longitudinal cohort study.
Trial report in Health and quality of life outcomes, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 43 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Comparison of Hemorrhagic and Ischemic Strokes Among Blacks and Whites: A Population-Based Study in Cincinnati, Ohio
Immediate Effects of Tecar Therapy on Spasticity and Functionality of the Lower Limb in Chronic Post-stroke Survivors.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for post-stroke spasticity: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Pooled it
- Superior efficacy of 100-Hz transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in reducing post-stroke spasticity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of health utility values among patients with ischemic stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- A systematic review on extracorporeal shock wave therapy and botulinum toxin for spasticity treatment: a comparison on efficacy.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Self-reported quality of life following stroke: a systematic review of instruments with a focus on their psychometric properties.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Chinese Stroke Association guidelines for clinical management of cerebrovascular disorders: executive summary and 2019 update of clinical management of stroke rehabilitation.Stroke and vascular neurology · 2020Guideline
- Add-On Effects of Chinese Herbal Medicine for Post-Stroke Spasticity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Pooled it
- Treatment of adult spasticity with Botox (onabotulinumtoxinA): Development, insights, and impact.Medicine · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Benefits of Incobotulinumtoxin A in Pain, Spasticity and Functionality-A 5 Years Review.Toxins · 2026Article
- Article
- Efficacy and Safety of IncobotulinumtoxinA in Older Patients with Upper Limb Spasticity: A Pooled Analysis.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Structural and Textural Ultrasound Features of Gastrocnemius Medialis in Chronic Stroke: Associations with Functional Outcomes and Spasticity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Treatment Patterns and Healthcare Costs Among Patients with Stroke and Spasticity: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study.Neurology and therapy · 2025Article
- Effect of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Muscle Atrophy in Patients with Acute Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Progress in rehabilitation medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Immediate Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Dry Needling on Soleus Muscle Spasticity in Stroke Survivors.Cureus · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSpasticity often leads to symptomatic and functional problems that can cause disability for stroke survivors. We studied whether spasticity has a negative impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
methodsAs part of the Greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Stroke Study (NCT00642213), 460 ischemic stroke patients were interviewed during hospitalization and then followed over time. HRQoL was measured by the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores of the Short Form-12 (SF-12), EuroQol-5 dimension (EQ-5D), and Stroke-Specific Quality of Life (SSQOL) instruments, with lower scores indicating worse health. HRQoL differences between stroke survivors with and without spasticity were compared, adjusting for age, race, stroke severity, pre-stroke function, and comorbidities.
resultsOf the 460 ischemic stroke patients, 328 had spasticity data available 3 months after their stroke (mean age of 66 years, 49% were female, and 26% were black). Of these patients, 54 (16%) reported having spasticity. Three months following their stroke, patients who reported spasticity had lower mean scores on the PCS (29.6 ± 1.4 vs 37.3 ± 0.6; P < .001), EQ-5D (0.59 ± 0.03 vs 0.71 ± 0.01; P < .001), and SSQOL (3.57 ± 0.08 versus 3.78 ± 0.03; P = .03) compared with patients who did not report spasticity. Lower HRQoL scores were also observed at the 1-year (PCS, EQ-5D, and SSQOL) and 2-year (EQ-5D and SSQOL) interviews in those with spasticity compared with those without spasticity.
conclusionsStatistically and clinically meaningful differences in HRQoL exist between stroke survivors with and without spasticity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.