Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26415875›Full record

SynthesisNeuro-oncology2016

Lymphomatosis cerebri: a rare form of primary central nervous system lymphoma. Analysis of 7 cases and systematic review of the literature.

Cristina Izquierdo, Roser Velasco, Noemí Vidal, Juan José Sánchez, Andreas A Argyriou, Sarah Besora, Francesc Graus, Jordi Bruna

Open access · bronzeAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Neuro-oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
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  7. Article
  8. Lymphomatosis Cerebri: A diagnostic dilemma.Annals of neurosciences · 2024
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  10. Review
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  12. Lymphomatosis cerebri: a rare diffuse leukoencephalopathy you should never miss.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2022
    Article
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  15. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.

Cristina IzquierdoUnit of Neuro-Oncology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (C.I., R.V., N.V., S.B., J.B.); Department Cell Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain (R.V., J.B.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (J.J.S.); Department of Neurology, St. Andrew's State General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece (A.A.A.); Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.G.).
Roser VelascoUnit of Neuro-Oncology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (C.I., R.V., N.V., S.B., J.B.); Department Cell Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain (R.V., J.B.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (J.J.S.); Department of Neurology, St. Andrew's State General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece (A.A.A.); Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.G.).
Noemí VidalUnit of Neuro-Oncology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (C.I., R.V., N.V., S.B., J.B.); Department Cell Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain (R.V., J.B.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (J.J.S.); Department of Neurology, St. Andrew's State General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece (A.A.A.); Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.G.).
Juan José SánchezUnit of Neuro-Oncology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (C.I., R.V., N.V., S.B., J.B.); Department Cell Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain (R.V., J.B.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (J.J.S.); Department of Neurology, St. Andrew's State General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece (A.A.A.); Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.G.).
Andreas A ArgyriouUnit of Neuro-Oncology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (C.I., R.V., N.V., S.B., J.B.); Department Cell Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain (R.V., J.B.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (J.J.S.); Department of Neurology, St. Andrew's State General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece (A.A.A.); Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.G.).
Sarah BesoraUnit of Neuro-Oncology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (C.I., R.V., N.V., S.B., J.B.); Department Cell Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain (R.V., J.B.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (J.J.S.); Department of Neurology, St. Andrew's State General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece (A.A.A.); Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.G.).
Francesc GrausUnit of Neuro-Oncology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (C.I., R.V., N.V., S.B., J.B.); Department Cell Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain (R.V., J.B.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (J.J.S.); Department of Neurology, St. Andrew's State General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece (A.A.A.); Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.G.).
Jordi BrunaUnit of Neuro-Oncology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (C.I., R.V., N.V., S.B., J.B.); Department Cell Biology, Institute of Neurosciences, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Bellaterra, Spain (R.V., J.B.); Department of Radiology, Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge-ICO Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain (J.J.S.); Department of Neurology, St. Andrew's State General Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece (A.A.A.); Service of Neurology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (F.G.).
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona · ESBellvitge University Hospital · ESBiomedical Research Networking Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases · ESCentro de Investigación Biomédica en Red · ESDuran i Reynals Hospital · ESHospital Clínic de Barcelona · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrimary central nervous system lymphomas may present as diffuse, nonenhancing infiltrative lesions. This rare variant is termed lymphomatosis cerebri (LC). We did a systematic review and analysis of the literature, adding our own cases, to better characterize LC in order to improve early diagnosis and treatment.

methodsPubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, and hospital databases were reviewed. Information was extracted regarding demographic, clinical, histological, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), neuroimaging, and treatment variables. The impact of single parameters on overall survival (OS) was determined by applying univariate and multivariate analyses.

resultsForty-two patients were included (median age: 58 y; range: 28-80 y). At consultation, 52% of patients had a poor KPS. The most common presenting symptom was cognitive decline (59.5%). Imaging studies showed supratentorial and infratentorial infiltration in 55% of patients and bilateral hemispheric involvement in 95%. CSF pleocytosis was present in 51.5% of the patients. Median time to diagnosis was 4.5 (range: 1-30) months, and the diagnosis was not established until autopsy for 33% of patients. The median OS was 2.95 (range: 0.33-56) months; however, those patients who received methotrexate had a median OS of 13.8 (range: 0.7-56) months. Analysis identified KPS ≥ 70 (HR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.114-0.894; P = .03) and treatment with methotrexate (HR: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.041-0.886; P = .034) as independent favorable prognostic factors, whereas T-cell lymphoma was independently related with a worse outcome (HR: 6.62; 95% CI: 1.317-33.316; P = .022).

conclusionsLC is a misdiagnosed entity associated with considerable diagnostic delay. MRI evidence of bilateral hemispheric involvement and CSF pleocytosis should be alerts for this diagnosis. Treatment with methotrexate-based chemotherapy must be considered, especially for patients with good KPS.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overAntineoplastic AgentsCentral Nervous System NeoplasmsFemaleHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateLymphomaMaleMiddle AgedRadiotherapyAntineoplastic Agentsdiffuse infiltrative lesionleukoencephalopathylymphomatosis cerebriprimary central nervous system lymphoma

Identifiers

PMID26415875
PMCPMC4827036
OpenAlexW2336030085

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.