Trial reportObesity (Silver Spring, Md.)2015
The Human Circadian System Has a Dominating Role in Causing the Morning/Evening Difference in Diet-Induced Thermogenesis.
Trial report in Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03647306 (Behavioral Chronotype), which is not on this map. Cited by 89 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Behavioral Chronotype: Impact on Sleep and Metabolism
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 163 citations in OpenAlex.
- Constant-routine protocol reveals an endogenous circadian rhythm in diet-induced thermogenesis with a peak in the biological morning.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2026Trial
- Effect of two types of time-restricted eating on glycemic, lipid indices, and weight in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.European journal of nutrition · 2026Trial
- Dietary Modification with Food Order and Divided Carbohydrate Intake Improves Glycemic Excursions in Healthy Young Women.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Earlier Bedtimes Mediate the Effect of a Brief Behavioral Sleep Intervention on Children's Weight Status.The Journal of pediatrics · 2025Trial
- Delaying mealtimes reduces fat oxidation: A randomized, crossover, controlled feeding study.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2022Trial
- Time-restricted eating with or without low-carbohydrate diet reduces visceral fat and improves metabolic syndrome: A randomized trial.Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Timing of daily calorie loading affects appetite and hunger responses without changes in energy metabolism in healthy subjects with obesity.Cell metabolism · 2022Trial
- Late isocaloric eating increases hunger, decreases energy expenditure, and modifies metabolic pathways in adults with overweight and obesity.Cell metabolism · 2022Trial
- Cold-Induced Thermogenesis Shows a Diurnal Variation That Unfolds Differently in Males and Females.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Trial
- Chronic Circadian Disruption and Sleep Restriction Influence Subjective Hunger, Appetite, and Food Preference.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- An Earlier First Meal Timing Associates with Weight Loss Effectiveness in A 12-Week Weight Loss Support Program.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Differential effects of the circadian system and circadian misalignment on insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion in humans.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2018Trial
- Timing of food intake impacts daily rhythms of human salivary microbiota: a randomized, crossover study.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2018Trial
- Meal timing effects on insulin sensitivity and intrahepatic triglycerides during weight loss.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2018Trial
- Effects of meal timing on changes in circulating epinephrine, norepinephrine, and acylated ghrelin concentrations: a pilot study.Nutrition & diabetes · 2017Trial
- Circadian misalignment increases cardiovascular disease risk factors in humans.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Trial
- Dietary rhythms and biological aging risk across multiple organs.NPJ science of food · 2026Article
- Big breakfast diet composition impacts on appetite control and gut health: a randomised weight loss trial in adults with overweight or obesity.The British journal of nutrition · 2026Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveDiet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) is lower in the evening and at night than in the morning. This may help explain why meal timing affects body weight regulation and why shift work is a risk factor for obesity. The separate effects of the endogenous circadian system--independent of behavioral cycles--and of circadian misalignment on DIT are unknown.
methodsThirteen healthy adults undertook a randomized crossover study with two 8-day laboratory visits: three baseline days followed either by repeated simulated night shifts including 12-h inverted behavioral cycles (circadian misalignment) or by recurring simulated day shifts (circadian alignment). DIT was determined for up to 114 min (hereafter referred to as "early DIT") following identical meals given at 8AM and 8PM in both protocols.
resultsDuring baseline days, early DIT was 44% lower in the evening than morning. This was primarily explained by a circadian influence rather than any behavioral cycle effect; early DIT was 50% lower in the biological evening than biological morning, independent of behavioral cycle influences. Circadian misalignment had no overall effect on early DIT.
conclusionsThe circadian system plays a dominating role in the morning/evening difference in early DIT and may contribute to the effects of meal timing on body weight regulation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.