Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26411692›Full record

ArticleDiabetes research and clinical practice2015

Social determinants of health in adults with type 2 diabetes--Contribution of mutable and immutable factors.

Rebekah J Walker, Brittany L Smalls, Leonard E Egede

Open access · greenAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Rebekah J WalkerHealth Equity and Rural Outreach Innovation Center (HEROIC), Charleston VA HSR&D COIN, Ralph H. Johnson VAMC, Charleston, SC, USA; Center for Health Disparities Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Brittany L SmallsCenter for Surgery and Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Leonard E EgedeHealth Equity and Rural Outreach Innovation Center (HEROIC), Charleston VA HSR&D COIN, Ralph H. Johnson VAMC, Charleston, SC, USA; Center for Health Disparities Research, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA. Electronic address: egedel@musc.edu.
Brigham and Women's Hospital · USMedical University of South Carolina · USRalph H. Johnson VA Medical Center · US

Funding

Technology-Intensified Diabetes Education/Skills Intervention in AAs with DM-2R01DK098529 · NIDDK · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI EGEDE, LEONARD E. · 2013 to 2016
$2.7M
Technology Intensified Diabetes Education Study in AA with T2DM (TIDES)K24DK093699 · NIDDK · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI EGEDE, LEONARD E. · 2011 to 2020
$1.5M
NIDDK NIH HHS K24 DK093699NIDDK NIH HHS K24DK093699-01NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK098529
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsSocioeconomic, psychosocial, and neighborhood factors influence clinical outcomes and self-care behaviors in diabetes; however, few studies simultaneously assessed the impact of multiple social determinant of health factors on glycemic control. We used an explanatory model to examine the differential contribution of social determinants and clinical factors on glycemic control. Secondarily, we examined the contribution of mutable and immutable factors to identify meaningful future interventions.

methodsSix hundred and fifteen adults with type 2 diabetes in the southeastern United States were recruited. A hierarchical model was run with HbA1c as the dependent variable and independent variables entered in blocks: demographics (block 1), socioeconomic (block 2), psychosocial (block 3), built environment (block 4), clinical (block 5), and knowledge/self-care (block 6).

resultsSignificant associations for HbA1c included self-efficacy (β=-0.10, p<0.001), social support (β=0.01, p<0.05), comorbidity (β=-0.09, p<0.05), insulin use (β=0.95, p<0.001), medication adherence (β=-0.11, p<0.05), and being a former smoker (β=0.34, p<0.05); accounting for 24.4% of the variance.

conclusionsImportant factors that drive glycemic control are mutable, and amenable to health interventions. Greater attention should be given to interventions that increase self-efficacy and social support, reduce the burden of comorbidities, and enhance medication adherence and smoking cessation.

Indexed as

AdultDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMedication AdherenceMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSelf CareSelf EfficacySocial Determinants of HealthSocial SupportUnited StatesYoung AdultBuilt environmentDiabetesPsychologicalSocial determinantsSocioeconomic

Identifiers

PMID26411692
PMCPMC4681588
OpenAlexW1698528390

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.