Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26411488›Full record

ArticlePublic health2015

Alcohol purchasing by ill heavy drinkers; cheap alcohol is no single commodity.

J Gill, J Chick, H Black, C Rees, F O'May, R Rush, B A McPake

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

J GillSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Napier University, Edinburgh, EH11 4BN, UK. Electronic address: j.gill@napier.ac.uk.
J ChickSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Napier University, Edinburgh, EH11 4BN, UK.
H BlackSchool of Nursing and Midwifery, Napier University, Edinburgh, EH11 4BN, UK.
C ReesSchool of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, EH21 6UU, Scotland, UK.
F O'MaySchool of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, EH21 6UU, Scotland, UK.
R RushSchool of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, EH21 6UU, Scotland, UK.
B A McPakeSchool of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, EH21 6UU, Scotland, UK.
Queen Margaret University · GBEdinburgh Napier University · GB

Funding

Chief Scientist Office CZH/4/645
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesPotential strategies to address alcohol misuse remain contentious. We aim to characterise the drink purchases of one population group: heavy drinkers in contact with Scottish health services. We contrast our findings with national sales data and explore the impact of socio-economic status on purchasing behaviour. STUDY

designCross-sectional study comparing alcohol purchasing and consumption by heavy drinkers in Edinburgh and Glasgow during 2012.

methods639 patients with serious health problems linked to alcohol (recruited within NHS hospital clinics (in- and out-patient settings) 345 in Glasgow, 294 in Edinburgh) responded to a questionnaire documenting demographic data and last week's or a 'typical' weekly consumption (type, brand, volume, price, place of purchase). Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation quintile was derived as proxy of sociodemographic status.

resultsMedian consumption was 184.8 (IQR = 162.2) UK units/week paying a mean of 39.7 pence per alcohol unit (£0.397). Off-sales accounted for 95% of purchases with 85% of those <50 pence (£0.5 UK) per alcohol unit. Corresponding figures for the Scottish population are 69% and 60%. The most popular low-priced drinks were white cider, beer and vodka with the most common off-sales outlet being the corner shop, despite supermarkets offering cheaper options. Consumption levels of the cheapest drink (white cider) were similar across all quintiles apart from the least deprived.

conclusionsHeavy drinkers from all quintiles purchase the majority of their drinks from off-sale settings seeking the cheapest drinks, often favouring local suppliers. While beer was popular, recent legislation impacting on the sale of multibuys may prevent the heaviest drinkers benefiting from the lower beer prices available in supermarkets. Non-etheless, drinkers were able to offset higher unit prices with cheaper drink types and maintain high levels of consumption. Whilst price is key, heavy drinkers are influenced by other factors and adapt their purchasing as necessary.

Indexed as

AdultAlcohol DrinkingAlcoholic BeveragesCommerceCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNational Health ProgramsScotlandSocial ClassSurveys and QuestionnairesAlcoholDrink purchasingHeavy drinkersPrice

Identifiers

PMID26411488
PMCPMC4684143
OpenAlexW1809683192

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.