ArticleThe Plant cell2015
Arabidopsis TRIGALACTOSYLDIACYLGLYCEROL5 Interacts with TGD1, TGD2, and TGD4 to Facilitate Lipid Transfer from the Endoplasmic Reticulum to Plastids.
Article in The Plant cell, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 55 papers.
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55 citing papers in PubMed, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- SIB1-SEC23A undergo ER to chloroplast relocalization to mediate immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana.Journal of integrative plant biology · 2026Article
- Interactions of outer membrane lipoproteins Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA3214 and Escherichia coli PqiC with their MCE protein binding partners, PA3213 and PqiB.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Mce transport systems inJournal of bacteriology · 2026Review
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- Lipid metabolism and contact site homologs are present at the chloroplast envelope-thylakoid interface.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The life cycle of fatty acids in oleaginous stramenopiles: from synthesis to maturation and beyond.BMC plant biology · 2026Review
- Plant oil biosynthesis and genetic improvement: progress, challenges, and opportunities.Plant physiology · 2025Review
- A P5-ATPase, TgFLP12, diverging from plant chloroplast lipid transporters mediates apicoplast fatty export in Toxoplasma.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- LIPID RICH 1 modulates allocation of carbon between starch and triacylglycerol in Arabidopsis leaves.Journal of experimental botany · 2025Article
- Review
- Date palm diverts organic solutes for root osmotic adjustment and protects leaves from oxidative damage in early drought acclimation.Journal of experimental botany · 2025Article
- Degradation of FATTY ACID EXPORT PROTEIN1 by RHOMBOID-LIKE PROTEASE11 contributes to cold tolerance in Arabidopsis.The Plant cell · 2024Article
- Plastid Transient and Stable Interactions with Other Cell Compartments.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Glycerol-3-Phosphate Acyltransferase GPAT9 Enhanced Seed Oil Accumulation and Eukaryotic Galactolipid Synthesis inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Protein interactomes for plant lipid biosynthesis and their biotechnological applications.Plant biotechnology journal · 2023Review
- Microalgal glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase role in galactolipids and high-value storage lipid biosynthesis.Plant physiology · 2023Article
- Distinctly localized lipid phosphate phosphatases mediate endoplasmic reticulum glycerolipid metabolism in Arabidopsis.The Plant cell · 2023Article
- Arabidopsis Sec14 proteins (SFH5 and SFH7) mediate interorganelle transport of phosphatidic acid and regulate chloroplast development.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Do betaine lipids replace phosphatidylcholine as fatty acid editing hubs in microalgae?Frontiers in plant science · 2023Review
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4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The biogenesis of photosynthetic membranes in the plastids of higher plants requires an extensive supply of lipid precursors from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Four TRIGALACTOSYLDIACYLGLYCEROL (TGD) proteins (TGD1,2,3,4) have thus far been implicated in this lipid transfer process. While TGD1, TGD2, and TGD3 constitute an ATP binding cassette transporter complex residing in the plastid inner envelope, TGD4 is a transmembrane lipid transfer protein present in the outer envelope. These observations raise questions regarding how lipids transit across the aqueous intermembrane space. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of a novel Arabidopsis thaliana gene, TGD5. Disruption of TGD5 results in similar phenotypic effects as previously described in tgd1,2,3,4 mutants, including deficiency of ER-derived thylakoid lipids, accumulation of oligogalactolipids, and triacylglycerol. Genetic analysis indicates that TGD4 is epistatic to TGD5 in ER-to-plastid lipid trafficking, whereas double mutants of a null tgd5 allele with tgd1-1 or tgd2-1 show a synergistic embryo-lethal phenotype. TGD5 encodes a small glycine-rich protein that is localized in the envelope membranes of chloroplasts. Coimmunoprecipitation assays show that TGD5 physically interacts with TGD1, TGD2, TGD3, and TGD4. Collectively, these results suggest that TGD5 facilitates lipid transfer from the outer to the inner plastid envelope by bridging TGD4 with the TGD1,2,3 transporter complex.
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