ArticleEnvironmental research2015
CO-occurring exposure to perchlorate, nitrate and thiocyanate alters thyroid function in healthy pregnant women.
Article in Environmental research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations between exposure to sodium/iodide symporter inhibitors and markers of thyroid function: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Chemosphere · 2025Pooled it
- Interference on Iodine Uptake and Human Thyroid Function by Perchlorate-Contaminated Water and Food.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Review
- Associations of maternal urinary perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate with maternal thyroid function during pregnancy: Modification by iodine status in the MARBLES study.Environmental research · 2026Article
- Prenatal Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and Maternal Thyroid Function during Pregnancy in a Cohort with High Familial Likelihood of Autism Spectrum Disorder.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Nitrate and Nitrite in the Diet: Protective and Harmful Effects in Health and Disease.Current nutrition reports · 2025Review
- High-Throughput Screening of ToxCast PFAS Chemical Library for Potential Inhibitors of the Human Sodium Iodide Symporter.Chemical research in toxicology · 2023Article
- A permutation-based approach to inference for weighted sum regression with correlated chemical mixtures.Statistical methods in medical research · 2022Article
- The risk of perchlorate and iodine on the incidence of thyroid tumors and nodular goiter: a case-control study in southeastern China.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2022Article
- Perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate: Environmental relevant NIS-inhibitors pollutants and their impact on thyroid function and human health.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Prenatal exposure to organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides and the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and size at birth in urban pregnant women.Environmental research · 2021Article
- Thyroid Disruptors: Extrathyroidal Sites of Chemical Action and Neurodevelopmental Outcome-An Examination Using Triclosan and Perfluorohexane Sulfonate.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2021Article
- Exposure to prenatal phthalate mixtures and neurodevelopment in the Conditions Affecting Neurocognitive Development and Learning in Early childhood (CANDLE) study.Environment international · 2021Article
- Endocrine Disruptors-'Food' for Thought.Proceedings of the Zoological Society · 2021Review
- Thyroid disrupting chemicals and developmental neurotoxicity - New tools and approaches to evaluate hormone action.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2020Review
- Potentiometric Solid-Contact Ion-Selective Electrode for Determination of Thiocyanate in Human Saliva.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Consensus on the key characteristics of endocrine-disrupting chemicals as a basis for hazard identification.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2020Review
- The Cumulative Risk of Chemical and Nonchemical Exposures on Birth Outcomes in Healthy Women: The Fetal Growth Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Article
- Assessing the contributions of metals in environmental media to exposure biomarkers in a region of ferroalloy industry.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2019Article
- High-throughput screening and chemotype-enrichment analysis of ToxCast phase II chemicals evaluated for human sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) inhibition.Environment international · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAdequate maternal thyroid function during pregnancy is necessary for normal fetal brain development, making pregnancy a critical window of vulnerability to thyroid disrupting insults. Sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) inhibitors, namely perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate, have been shown individually to competitively inhibit uptake of iodine by the thyroid. Several epidemiologic studies examined the association between these individual exposures and thyroid function. Few studies have examined the effect of this chemical mixture on thyroid function during pregnancy
objectivesWe examined the cross sectional association between urinary perchlorate, thiocyanate and nitrate concentrations and thyroid function among healthy pregnant women living in New York City using weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression.
methodsWe measured thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FreeT4) in blood samples; perchlorate, thiocyanate, nitrate and iodide in urine samples collected from 284 pregnant women at 12 (±2.8) weeks gestation. We examined associations between urinary analyte concentrations and TSH or FreeT4 using linear regression or WQS adjusting for gestational age, urinary iodide and creatinine.
resultsIndividual analyte concentrations in urine were significantly correlated (Spearman's r 0.4-0.5, p<0.001). Linear regression analyses did not suggest associations between individual concentrations and thyroid function. The WQS revealed a significant positive association between the weighted sum of urinary concentrations of the three analytes and increased TSH. Perchlorate had the largest weight in the index, indicating the largest contribution to the WQS.
conclusionsCo-exposure to perchlorate, nitrate and thiocyanate may alter maternal thyroid function, specifically TSH, during pregnancy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.