ArticleNeoplasia (New York, N.Y.)2015
Doxil synergizes with cancer immunotherapies to enhance antitumor responses in syngeneic mouse models.
Article in Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03591276 (A Phase 1b Study of Combination Chemo-immunotherapy With Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin), which is not on this map. Cited by 85 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 1b Study of Combination Chemo-immunotherapy With Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin (Doxil/Caelyx) and Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) in Metastatic Endocrine-resistant Breast Cancer
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 172 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune priming with avelumab and rituximab prior to R-CHOP in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: the phase II AvR-CHOP study.Leukemia · 2023Trial
- Cold and hot tumors: immunological determinants, cancer-immunity cycle dysregulation, and nanotechnology-driven therapeutic approaches.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- A Phase Ib Study of Chemoimmunotherapy with Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin and Pembrolizumab in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- Application of nanoparticles in the therapeutic management of endometrial cancer.European journal of medical research · 2026Review
- Athymic murine models can underestimate the immune-dependent components of chemotherapy efficacy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Charting new frontiers in nanoparticle immunotoxicity: A perspective on current, emerging, and future approaches.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2025Review
- Article
- Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in diseases: implications for therapy.Molecular biomedicine · 2025Review
- Liposomes, immune cells, and lung cancer subtypes: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2025Article
- Reticuloendothelial system blockade does not enhance siRNA-LNP circulation or tumor accumulation in mice.International journal of pharmaceutics: X · 2025Article
- Bilirubin metabolism and its application in disease prevention: mechanisms and research advances.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- Review
- Immunogenicity of cell death and cancer immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
- Advances in predicting breast cancer driver mutations: Tools for precision oncology (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Thirty years from FDA approval of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil/Caelyx): an updated analysis and future perspective.BMJ oncology · 2025Review
- Engineering nanomedicines for immunogenic eradication of cancer cells: Recent trends and synergistic approaches.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Review
- Beneficial Effects of Oral Carbon Monoxide on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Iterative nanoparticle bioengineering enabled by x-ray fluorescence imaging.Science advances · 2024Article
- Targeting of focal adhesion kinase enhances the immunogenic cell death of PEGylated liposome doxorubicin to optimize therapeutic responses of immune checkpoint blockade.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- The promise and challenges of combination therapies with antibody-drug conjugates in solid tumors.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2024Review
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Based on the previously described roles of doxorubicin in immunogenic cell death, both doxorubicin and liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil) were evaluated for their ability to boost the antitumor response of different cancer immunotherapies including checkpoint blockers (anti-PD-L1, PD-1, and CTLA-4 mAbs) and TNF receptor agonists (OX40 and GITR ligand fusion proteins) in syngeneic mouse models. In a preventative CT26 mouse tumor model, both doxorubicin and Doxil synergized with anti-PD-1 and CTLA-4 mAbs. Doxil was active when CT26 tumors were grown in immunocompetent mice but not immunocompromised mice, demonstrating that Doxil activity is increased in the presence of a functional immune system. Using established tumors and maximally efficacious doses of Doxil and cancer immunotherapies in either CT26 or MCA205 tumor models, combination groups produced strong synergistic antitumor effects, a larger percentage of complete responders, and increased survival. In vivo pharmacodynamic studies showed that Doxil treatment decreased the percentage of tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells and, in combination with anti-PD-L1, increased the percentage of tumor-infiltrating CD8(+) T cells. In the tumor, Doxil administration increased CD80 expression on mature dendritic cells. CD80 expression was also increased on both monocytic and granulocytic myeloid cells, suggesting that Doxil may induce these tumor-infiltrating cells to elicit a costimulatory phenotype capable of activating an antitumor T-cell response. These results uncover a novel role for Doxil in immunomodulation and support the use of Doxil in combination with checkpoint blockade or TNFR agonists to increase response rates and antitumor activity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.