Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26407720›Full record

ArticleTobacco control2015

Evaluation of smoke-free policies in seven cities in China, 2007-2012.

Geoffrey T Fong, Genevieve Sansone, Mi Yan, Lorraine Craig, Anne C K Quah, Yuan Jiang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Tobacco control, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  14. Review
  15. Subnational smoke-free laws in China.Tobacco induced diseases · 2019
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Children's Exposure to Secondhand Smoke during Ramadan in Jakarta, Indonesia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Geoffrey T FongDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Genevieve SansoneDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Mi YanDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Lorraine CraigDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Anne C K QuahDepartment of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Yuan JiangTobacco Control Office, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.

Funding

Variation in Cigarettes, Tobacco use Behaviors and Exposures in ITC CountriesP01CA138389 · NCI · ROSWELL PARK CANCER INSTITUTE CORP · PI THOMPSON, MARY · 2009 to 2013
$13.4M
Project 3: Policy Effects on Cigarette Design, Emissions &BehaviorP50CA111236 · NCI · ROSWELL PARK CANCER INSTITUTE CORP · PI CUMMINGS, KENNETH MICHAEL · 2004 to 2009
$8.2M
International Tobacco Policy SurveyR01CA100362 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO · PI FONG, GEOFFREY T · 2005 to 2013
$4.7M
Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation in China and South Korea: The ITC Asia ProjectR01CA125116 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO · PI FONG, GEOFFREY T · 2007 to 2011
$2.8M
Canadian Institutes of Health Research 115016Canadian Institutes of Health Research 57897Canadian Institutes of Health Research 79551NCI NIH HHS P01 CA138389NCI NIH HHS P50 CA111236NCI NIH HHS R01 CA100362NCI NIH HHS R01 CA125116
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChina is the world's largest consumer of tobacco, with hundreds of millions of people exposed daily to secondhand smoke (SHS). Comprehensive smoke-free policies are the only effective way to protect the population from the harms of SHS. China does not have a comprehensive national smoke-free law but some local-level regulations have been implemented.

objectiveTo evaluate local level smoke-free regulations across 7 cities in China by measuring the prevalence of smoking in public places (workplaces, restaurants and bars), and support for smoke-free policies over time.

methodsData were from Waves 2 to 4 of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) China Survey (2007-2012), a face-to-face cohort survey of approximately 800 smokers in each of 7 cities in mainland China. Multivariate logistic regression models estimated with generalised estimating equations were used to test the changes in variables over time.

resultsAs of 2012, over three-quarters of respondents were exposed to smoking in bars; more than two-thirds were exposed to smoking in restaurants and more than half were exposed to smoking in indoor workplaces. Small decreases in the prevalence of smoking were found overall from Waves 2 to 4 for indoor workplaces, restaurants and bars, although the decline was minimal for bars. Support for complete smoking bans increased over time for each venue, although it was lowest for bars.

conclusionsExisting partial smoking bans across China have had minimal impact on reducing smoking in public places. A strongly enforced, comprehensive national smoke-free law is urgently needed in order to achieve greater public health gains.

Indexed as

Smoking PreventionAdultChinaHealth SurveysHumansLogistic ModelsMultivariate AnalysisPrevalenceSmoke-Free PolicySmokingTime FactorsTobacco Smoke PollutionTobacco Smoke PollutionGlobal healthLow/Middle income countryPublic policySecondhand smoke

Identifiers

PMID26407720
PMCPMC4651840

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.