ArticleJournal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society2016
(1→3)-β-d-Glucan in Cerebrospinal Fluid as a Biomarker for Candida and Aspergillus Infections of the Central Nervous System in Pediatric Patients.
Article in Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of Cerebrospinal Fluid Beta-d-Glucan Diagnostic Testing for Fungal Meningitis: a Systematic Review.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2020Pooled it
- Article
- Clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and management of central nervous system aspergillosis in children: a single-center experience.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Cerebral Aspergillosis: Diagnostic Challenges, Therapeutic Strategies, and Future Research.CNS drugs · 2026Review
- Article
- Chronic Candida albicans meningoencephalitis in a patient with mantle cell lymphoma: a diagnostic challenge.Neurological research and practice · 2025Article
- Case report: ChronicFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- A rare case of encephalomyelitis caused by Candida parapsilosis.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Article
- Isavuconazole Treatment of Spinal Cord Invasive Aspergillosis Guided by Cerebrospinal Fluid (1,3)-β-d-Glucan Levels in a Patient with Low Interferon-Gamma and Ulcerative Colitis.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Challenges with Utilizing the 1,3-Beta-d-Glucan and Galactomannan Assays To Diagnose Invasive Mold Infections in Immunocompromised Children.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2021Article
- Central Nervous System Mold Infections in Children with Hematological Malignancies: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of Fosmanogepix (APX001) in the Treatment ofAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2021Article
- Revision and Update of the Consensus Definitions of Invasive Fungal Disease From the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer and the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Posaconazole Alone and in Combination with Caspofungin for Treatment of ExperimentalJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Galactomannan and PCR in the Central Nervous System to Detect Invasive Mold Disease - A Retrospective Analysis in Immunocompromised Children.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Amphotericin B Penetrates into the Central Nervous System Through Focal Disruption of the Blood Brain Barrier in Experimental HematogenousAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Article
- Central Nervous System Infections Due to Aspergillus and Other Hyaline Molds.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- The diagnostic performance of the beta-glucan assay in the detection of intra-amniotic infection with Candida species.The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians · 2019Article
- Invasive Candidiasis in Infants and Children: Recent Advances in Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFungal infections of the central nervous system (FICNS) are important causes of morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised pediatric patients. Standard diagnostic modalities lack the sensitivity for detecting and therapeutically monitoring these life-threatening diseases. Current molecular methods remain investigational. (1→3)-β-d-glucan (BDG) is a cell wall component found in several fungal pathogens, including Candida and Aspergillus spp. Detecting BDG in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may be an important approach for detecting and therapeutically monitoring FICNS. To date, there has been no study that has investigated the effectiveness of CSF BDG as a diagnostic and therapeutic marker of FICNS in children.
methodsSerial BDG levels were measured in serum and CSF samples obtained from pediatric patients (aged 0-18 years) with a diagnosis of probable or proven Candida or Aspergillus CNS infection.
resultsNine cases of FICNS were identified in patients aged 1 month to 18 years. Two patients were infected with an Aspergillus species, and 7 patients were infected with a Candida species. All the patients at baseline had detectable BDG in their CSF. Among 7 patients who completed therapy for an FICNS, all elevated CSF BDG levels decreased to <31 pg/mL. At the time of this writing, 1 patient was still receiving therapy and continued to have elevated BDG levels. One patient died from overwhelming disseminated candidiasis. The lengths of therapy for these 9 children ranged from 2 weeks to 28 months.
conclusionThe BDG assay is useful in diagnosing and therapeutically monitoring Candida and Aspergillus CNS infections in pediatric patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.