ArticlePloS one2015
Incidence of Pituitary Apoplexy and Its Risk Factors in Chinese People: A Database Study of Patients with Pituitary Adenoma.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Management-specific outcome evaluation of pituitary apoplexy; conservative and surgical approach.Pituitary · 2026Article
- Hypopituitarism Accompanied with Delusion: The Effects of Growth Hormone Replacement Therapy.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- Pituitary Apoplexy in a Non-Functioning PitNET After Cabergoline Use: Case Report and Review of the Literature.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Epidemiology, presentation and outcomes in pituitary apoplexy: a population-based study in Malta.Endocrine oncology (Bristol, England) · 2025Article
- Pituitary Apoplexy: a re-appraisal of risk factors and best management strategies in the COVID-19 era.Pituitary · 2024Review
- Exploring risk factors of severe pituitary apoplexy: Insights from a multicenter study of 71 cases.Endocrine · 2024Article
- Pituitary Apoplexy: An Updated Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Successful endonasal transsphenoidal surgery to treat acute internal carotid artery occlusion caused by pituitary apoplexy: Usefulness of arterial spin labeling imaging for emergency decision.Surgical neurology international · 2024Article
- The current state of MRI-based radiomics in pituitary adenoma: promising but challenging.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Review
- Risk Factors, Radiological and Clinical Outcomes in Subclinical and Clinical Pituitary Apoplexy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Pituitary Apoplexy (PA): Delayed Diagnosis of a Rare Clinical Syndrome in a Patient With a Known Pituitary Adenoma.Cureus · 2022Article
- Article
- Pituitary Apoplexy: Risk Factors and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Contemporary Management of Clinically Non-functioning Pituitary Adenomas: A Clinical Review.Clinical medicine insights. Endocrinology and diabetes · 2020Review
- Risk factors for the incidence of apoplexy in pituitary adenoma: a single-center study from southwestern China.Chinese neurosurgical journal · 2020Article
- Cognition of Nurses in Neurology Department on Rehabilitation Nursing.Translational neuroscience · 2019Article
- Demographic Characterization of Patients Enrolled in the China Pituitary Disease Register Network.Chinese medical journal · 2018Article
- Overexpression of microRNA-34a Attenuates Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Pituitary Adenoma Cells via SOX7.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere are few studies of the incidence and clinical characteristics of pituitary apoplexy (PA) in pituitary adenoma patients, and the findings have been inconsistent.
objectiveThe aim of the study was to retrospectively assess the incidence, clinical presentation, surgical management and postoperative complications of PA in pituitary adenoma patients.
methodsA database was specifically designed to collect clinical, therapeutic, prognostic and histological information about pituitary adenoma patients. Using multivariate logistic regression, odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to identify associated factors.
resultsA total of 2021 pituitary adenoma patients were recruited. 97 (4.8%) patients had PA. The incidence of PA was 10.11% in patients with pituitary macroadenoma, and 0.36% in patients with microadenoma. Variables for the logistic regression model independently associated with PA were sex (male vs. female, OR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.59~4.07), tumor type (negative staining vs. positive staining, OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.29~3.23), and tumor size (macroadenoma vs. microadenoma, OR = 26.46, 95% CI = 9.66~72.46). Headache, visual deterioration, and vomiting were the most common symptoms in patients with pituitary adenoma. Patients with and without PA had similar frequency of visual deterioration, head trauma, acromegalic appearance, galactorrhoea, cold intolerance and Cushingoid appearance, but headache, vomiting, ptosis, diplopia, fever and blindness were significantly more common in patients with PA. Pearson Chi-Square tests revealed a significant difference in surgical approach between patients with and without PA (95.88% vs. 85.57%, P = 0.01).
conclusionOur findings suggest that PA is not a rare event. Male sex, non-functioning tumor, and macroadenoma are associated with an increased risk of PA. Compared with pituitary adenoma patients without PA, patients with PA have more severe symptoms.
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