ArticlePloS one2015
Short-Term and Long-Term Survival and Virulence of Legionella pneumophila in the Defined Freshwater Medium Fraquil.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative genome analysis investigation of nosocomial and community-acquired cases of Legionnaires' disease caused by ST2858 and ST378.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Legionella Survives and Elongates in Algal Consortia Containing Bacteria in Alkaline Oligotrophic Conditions.Microbes and environments · 2025Article
- Article
- Development of heat-shock resistance inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Detection of Diverse Sequence Types of Legionella pneumophila by Legiolert Enzymatic-Based Assay and the Development of a Long-Term Storage Protocol.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- The Tail-Specific Protease Is Important for Legionella pneumophila To Survive Thermal Stress in Water and inside Amoebae.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2021Article
- Identification of two aptamers binding to Legionella pneumophila with high affinity and specificity.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- A Two-Component System That Modulates Cyclic di-GMP Metabolism Promotes Legionella pneumophila Differentiation and Viability in Low-Nutrient Conditions.Journal of bacteriology · 2019Article
- Density-dependent resistance protectseLife · 2019Article
- Transcriptomic Changes ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2019Article
- The LetA/S two-component system regulates transcriptomic changes that are essential for the culturability of Legionella pneumophila in water.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Survival strategies of Escherichia coli and Vibrio spp.: contribution of the viable but nonculturable phenotype to their stress-resistance and persistence in adverse environments.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2017Review
- Identification of Conserved ABC Importers Necessary for Intracellular Survival ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2017Article
- Phenotypic and Transcriptomic Responses ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
- The Membrane Protein LasM Promotes the Culturability ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Legionella pneumophila (Lp) is the etiological agent responsible for Legionnaires' disease, a potentially fatal pulmonary infection. Lp lives and multiplies inside protozoa in a variety of natural and man-made water systems prior to human infection. Fraquil, a defined freshwater medium, was used as a highly reproducible medium to study the behaviour of Lp in water. Adopting a reductionist approach, Fraquil was used to study the impact of temperature, pH and trace metal levels on the survival and subsequent intracellular multiplication of Lp in Acanthamoeba castellanii, a freshwater protozoan and a natural host of Legionella. We show that temperature has a significant impact on the short- and long-term survival of Lp, but that the bacterium retains intracellular multiplication potential for over six months in Fraquil. Moreover, incubation in Fraquil at pH 4.0 resulted in a rapid decline in colony forming units, but was not detrimental to intracellular multiplication. In contrast, variations in trace metal concentrations had no impact on either survival or intracellular multiplication in amoeba. Our data show that Lp is a resilient bacterium in the water environment, remaining infectious to host cells after six months under the nutrient-deprived conditions of Fraquil.
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