Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26404926›Full record

ReviewDiabetes care2015

Staging presymptomatic type 1 diabetes: a scientific statement of JDRF, the Endocrine Society, and the American Diabetes Association.

Richard A Insel, Jessica L Dunne, Mark A Atkinson, Jane L Chiang, Dana Dabelea, Peter A Gottlieb, Carla J Greenbaum, Kevan C Herold, Jeffrey P Krischer, Åke Lernmark and 6 more

4 registry-linked trialsOpen access · bronzeAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Diabetes care, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 689 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
689citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
41.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03971955 active not recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

CharacterIzation of Adult Onset Autoimmune Diabetes

TypeobservationalSponsorAdventHealth Translational Research InstituteRan2019 to 2026Enrolled25ConditionsDiabetesArmsMixed Meal Test, Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), Adipose Tissue Biopsy
NCT05219409 phase2 / phase3not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Effects of Sitagliptin in Relatives of Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, at High Risk of Developing the Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of MilanRan2023 to 2027Enrolled70ConditionsType 1 DiabetesArmsSitagliptin, Professional CGM
NCT06006468 completednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Evaluating ImmuNe Changes in the Evolution of Pre Type 1 Diabetes With Adult Onset

TypeobservationalSponsorRoyal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation TrustRan2023 to 2023Enrolled2,250ConditionsType 1 Diabetes, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Maturity OnsetArmsHigh genetic risk for type 1 diabetes, High gentic risk for Coeliac disease
NCT06815081 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

A Study to Determine a Capillary Alternative to the Gold Standard Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of OxfordRan2024 to 2027Enrolled135ConditionsType 1 Diabetes (T1D), Type 2 Diabetes
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

689 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,104 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Impact of screening programmes for type 1 diabetes in youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Guideline
  9. Pooled it
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  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Trial
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
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629 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 11 institutions in 3 countries.

Richard A InselJDRF, New York, NY rinsel@jdrf.org.
Jessica L DunneJDRF, New York, NY.
Mark A AtkinsonUF Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
Jane L ChiangAmerican Diabetes Association, Alexandria, VA.
Dana DabeleaColorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Denver, CO.
Peter A GottliebBarbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO.
Carla J GreenbaumBenaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA.
Kevan C HeroldDepartment of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Jeffrey P KrischerDepartment of Pediatrics, Pediatric Epidemiology Center, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL.
Åke LernmarkLund University/Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
Robert E RatnerAmerican Diabetes Association, Alexandria, VA.
Marian J RewersBarbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO.
Desmond A SchatzUF Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
Jay S SkylerDiabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL.
Jay M SosenkoDiabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL.
Anette-G ZieglerInstitute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich and Forschergruppe Diabetes, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Neuherberg, Germany.
American Diabetes Association · USBreakthrough T1D · USUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus · USUniversity of Florida · USUniversity of Miami · USKlinikum rechts der Isar · DELund University · SEUniversity of Colorado Denver · USUniversity of South Florida · USVirginia Mason Medical Center · USYale University · US

Funding

NIDDK Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Data Coordinating CenterUC4DK097835 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI KRISCHER, JEFFREY P · 2012 to 2012
$45.0M
NIDDK Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Data Coordinating CenterUC4DK106993 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI KRISCHER, JEFFREY P · 2015 to 2015
$36.6M
NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK097835NIDDK NIH HHS UC4 DK106993
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Insights from prospective, longitudinal studies of individuals at risk for developing type 1 diabetes have demonstrated that the disease is a continuum that progresses sequentially at variable but predictable rates through distinct identifiable stages prior to the onset of symptoms. Stage 1 is defined as the presence of β-cell autoimmunity as evidenced by the presence of two or more islet autoantibodies with normoglycemia and is presymptomatic, stage 2 as the presence of β-cell autoimmunity with dysglycemia and is presymptomatic, and stage 3 as onset of symptomatic disease. Adoption of this staging classification provides a standardized taxonomy for type 1 diabetes and will aid the development of therapies and the design of clinical trials to prevent symptomatic disease, promote precision medicine, and provide a framework for an optimized benefit/risk ratio that will impact regulatory approval, reimbursement, and adoption of interventions in the early stages of type 1 diabetes to prevent symptomatic disease.

Indexed as

AutoantibodiesAutoimmunityDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Disease ProgressionEarly DiagnosisGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansInsulin-Secreting CellsPrediabetic StateProspective StudiesSocieties, MedicalUnited StatesAutoantibodies

Identifiers

PMID26404926
PMCPMC5321245
OpenAlexW1942296996

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.