ReviewNutrients2015
Mechanisms Underlying the Regulation of Innate and Adaptive Immunity by Vitamin D.
Review in Nutrients, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 150 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
150 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 301 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D supplementation in pregnant or breastfeeding women or young children for preventing asthma.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Relationship between human papillomavirus and serum vitamin D levels: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- A meta-analysis of the association between vitamin D supplementation and the risk of acute respiratory tract infection in the healthy pediatric group.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Vitamin D Deficiency and Comorbidities as Risk Factors of COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplements in Prevention of Acute Respiratory Infection: A Meta-Analysis for Randomized Controlled Trials.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Guideline
- The association between vitamin D and COPD risk, severity, and exacerbation: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2016Pooled it
- The Impact of Vitamin D Level on COVID-19 Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in public healthPooled it
- Effect of cholecalciferol on immune and vascular function in non-diabetic chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Oral vitamin DInternational ophthalmology · 2022Trial
- Positive Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- Effect of maternal vitamin D supplementation on nasal pneumococcal acquisition, carriage dynamics and carriage density in infants in Dhaka, Bangladesh.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Effects of vitamin D supplementation on circulating concentrations of growth factors and immune-mediators in healthy women during pregnancy.Pediatric research · 2021Trial
- Vitamin D status and associated factors among HIV-infected children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Kampala, Uganda.PloS one · 2021Trial
- Randomized phase 2 trial of monthly vitamin D to prevent respiratory complications in children with sickle cell disease.Blood advances · 2018Trial
- Vitamin D and Intestinal Diseases: Impact on Intestinal Immunity and Gut Barrier Function.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Epigenetic Mechanisms of Vitamin D in the Aging Process: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Dietary and Nutritional Factors in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Pathophysiology: A Scoping Review of the Evidence from In Vitro, In Vivo, and Human Studies.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Alpha Lipoic Acid Mitigates TBI-Induced Neuroinflammation by Regulating S100B/STIM Signaling via NF-ƙB Pathway.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Vitamin D in inflammatory rheumatic diseases: still a challenge.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Review
90 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Non-classical actions of vitamin D were first suggested over 30 years ago when receptors for the active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3), were detected in various tissues and cells that are not associated with the regulation of calcium homeostasis, including activated human inflammatory cells. The question that remained was the biological significance of the presence of vitamin D receptors in the different tissues and cells and, with regard to the immune system, whether or not vitamin D plays a role in the normal immune response and in modifying immune mediated diseases. In this article findings indicating that vitamin D is a key factor regulating both innate and adaptive immunity are reviewed with a focus on the molecular mechanisms involved. In addition, the physiological significance of vitamin D action, as suggested by in vivo studies in mouse models is discussed. Together, the findings indicate the importance of 1,25(OH)2D3 as a regulator of key components of the immune system. An understanding of the mechanisms involved will lead to potential therapeutic applications for the treatment of immune mediated diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.