Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26403596›Full record

ReviewHigh blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension2015

Role of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System and Its Pharmacological Inhibitors in Cardiovascular Diseases: Complex and Critical Issues.

Claudio Borghi, SIIA Task Force, Francesco Rossi, SIF Task Force

Erratum issuedAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Personalised Single-Pill Combination Therapy in Hypertensive Patients: An Update of a Practical Treatment Platform.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2017
    Guideline
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. The Role of Personalized Medicine in Companion Animal Cardiology.The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice · 2023
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Whey-Derived Peptides at the Heart of the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Blood Pressure Target Achievement Under Monotheraphy: A Real-Life Appraisal.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2020
    Observational
  15. Insulin Resistance the Hinge Between Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2020
    Review
  16. Association of serum uromodulin with mortality and cardiovascular disease in the elderly-the Cardiovascular Health Study.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2020
    Observational
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Claudio BorghiChair of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Via Albertoni, 15, 40138, Bologna, Italy. claudio.borghi@unibo.it.
SIIA Task Force
Francesco RossiDepartment of Medical Pathophysiology, University of Rome Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.
SIF Task Force
Policlinico Umberto I · ITIRCCS Azienda Ospedliero-Universitaria di Bologna Policlinico di Sant'Orsola · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hypertension is one of the major risk factor able to promote development and progression of several cardiovascular diseases, including left ventricular hypertrophy and dysfunction, myocardial infarction, stroke, and congestive heart failure. Also, it is one of the major driven of high cardiovascular risk profile in patients with metabolic complications, including obesity, metabolic syndrome and diabetes, as well as in those with renal disease. Thus, effective control of hypertension is a key factor for any preventing strategy aimed at reducing the burden of hypertension-related cardiovascular diseases in the clinical practice. Among various regulatory and contra-regulatory systems involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and renal diseases, renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a major role. However, despite the identification of renin and the availability of various assays for measuring its plasma activity, the specific pathophysiological role of RAS has not yet fully characterized. In the last years, however, several notions on the RAS have been improved by the results of large, randomized clinical trials, performed in different clinical settings and in different populations treated with RAS inhibiting drugs, including angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and antagonists of the AT1 receptor for angiotensin II (ARBs). These findings suggest that the RAS should be considered to have a central role in the pathogenesis of different cardiovascular diseases, for both therapeutic and preventive purposes, without having to measure its level of activation in each patient. The present document will discuss the most critical issues of the pathogenesis of different cardiovascular diseases with a specific focus on RAS blocking agents, including ACE inhibitors and ARBs, in the light of the most recent evidence supporting the use of these drugs in the clinical management of hypertension and hypertension-related cardiovascular diseases.

Indexed as

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersAnimalsArterial PressureCardiovascular AgentsCardiovascular DiseasesHumansKidneyRenin-Angiotensin SystemTreatment OutcomeVentricular Function, LeftAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersCardiovascular AgentsAngiotensin converting enzyme inhibitorsAngiotensin receptor blockersCardiovascular diseasesHeart failureHypertensionMyocardial infarctionRenal diseaseRenin-angiotensin systemStroke

Identifiers

PMID26403596
OpenAlexW2158162966

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.