ArticleAnnals of clinical and translational neurology2015
Central role of Th2/Tc2 lymphocytes in pattern II multiple sclerosis lesions.
Article in Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- Elevated ITGAX/CD11c in CSF-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reflects Disability Progression in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Expanded T lymphocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients are specific for Epstein-Barr-virus-infected B cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Multiple sclerosis susceptibility may be associated with the coding rs20541 (R130Q) IL-13 gene polymorphism in the Polish population.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Histamine H4 Receptor Antagonist Ameliorates the Progression of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis via Regulation of T-Cell Imbalance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Autophagy pathways in autoimmune diseases.Journal of autoimmunity · 2023Review
- Immune Cell Contributors to the Female Sex Bias in Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Mimicking the brain: Epstein-Barr virus and foreign agents as drivers of neuroimmune attack in multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- The interplay between T helper cells and brain barriers in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Women in the field of multiple sclerosis: How they contributed to paradigm shifts.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Review
- Neuroinflammation: Extinguishing a blaze of T cells.Immunological reviews · 2022Review
- CD4+ Cytotoxic T Cells Involved in the Development of EBV-Associated Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Bach2: A Key Regulator in Th2-Related Immune Cells and Th2 Immune Response.Journal of immunology research · 2022Review
- The role of meningeal populations of type II innate lymphoid cells in modulating neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2021Review
- Evaluating Infectious, Neoplastic, Immunological, and Degenerative Diseases of the Central Nervous System with Cerebrospinal Fluid-Based Next-Generation Sequencing.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2021Review
- Methods to investigate intrathecal adaptive immunity in neurodegeneration.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2021Article
- Mechanistic and Biomarker Studies to Demonstrate Immune Tolerance in Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- HLA-DR15 Molecules Jointly Shape an Autoreactive T Cell Repertoire in Multiple Sclerosis.Cell · 2020Article
- The frequency of follicular T helper cells differs in acute and chronic neuroinflammation.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Comprehensive Analysis of TCR-β Repertoire in Patients with Neurological Immune-mediated Disorders.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- The Interaction between Viral and Environmental Risk Factors in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system with marked heterogeneity in several aspects including pathological processes. Based on infiltrating immune cells, deposition of humoral factors and loss of oligodendrocytes and/or myelin proteins, four lesion patterns have been described. Pattern II is characterized by antibody and complement deposition in addition to T-cell infiltration. MS is considered a T-cell-mediated disease, but until now the study of pathogenic T cells has encountered major challenges, most importantly the limited access of brain-infiltrating T cells. Our objective was to identify, isolate, and characterize brain-infiltrating clonally expanded T cells in pattern II MS lesions.
methodsWe used next-generation sequencing to identify clonally expanded T cells in demyelinating pattern II brain autopsy lesions, subsequently isolated these as T-cell clones from autologous cerebrospinal fluid and functionally characterized them.
resultsWe identified clonally expanded CD8(+) but also CD4(+) T cells in demyelinating pattern II lesions and for the first time were able to isolate these as live T-cell clones. The functional characterization shows that T cells releasing Th2 cytokines and able to provide B cell help dominate the T-cell infiltrate in pattern II brain lesions.
interpretationOur data provide the first functional evidence for a putative role of Th2/Tc2 cells in pattern II MS supporting the existence of this pathogenic phenotype and questioning the protective role that is generally ascribed to Th2 cells. Our observations are important to consider for future treatments of pattern II MS patients.
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