Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26400484›Full record

ArticleBMC research notes2015

Prevalence of tobacco use among women: a cross sectional survey from a squatter settlement of Karachi, Pakistan.

Nousheen Iqbal, Muhammad Irfan, Nida Ashraf, Safia Awan, Javaid A Khan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC research notes, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. The Diversity in Tobacco Use Among Women of Reproductive Age (15-49 Years) in Pakistan: A Secondary Analysis of a Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2016-2018.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Smokeless Tobacco in Uganda: Perceptions among Tobacco Control Stakeholders.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Estimation of the Prevalence of Tobacco Consumption among Rural Women in South India using Mixed Methods Analysis.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Nousheen IqbalDepartment of Pulmonary Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan. Naush_gr8smcian@hotmail.com.
Muhammad IrfanDepartment of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan. muhammad.irfan@aku.edu.
Nida AshrafAga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan. nidaashraf87@gmail.com.
Safia AwanDepartment of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan. Safia.awan@aku.edu.
Javaid A KhanDepartment of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan. Javaid.khan@aku.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhile the prevalence of tobacco use has been slowly declining in the developed countries, rates have been steadily rising in the developing countries. This has led to a rapid rise in tobacco related lung diseases among women.

objectiveDetermine the prevalence of tobacco use (both smoking and smokeless) among women in an urban squatter settlement (Orangi Town) in Karachi, Pakistan.

methodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted on 19,325 females aged between 15 and 80 years in Orangi Town, an urban squatter settlement in Karachi, Pakistan. Modified questionnaire, developed by World Health Organization WHO and Global Adult Tobacco survey (GATS), was used in Urdu. A total of 16,987 women agreed to participate.

resultsThe mean age was 37.3 ± 9.8 years amongst whom 15,255 (89.80%) were married, 9143 (53.82%) admitted that at least one person uses tobacco in some form in their homes. The prevalence of smokeless tobacco was 42.25% (7178). The prevalence of smoking tobacco was low as compared to smokeless tobacco i.e. 18.0% (3058). Among smokers, 85.47% (1789) admitted that they had tried to quit smoking during last 12 months but failed.

conclusionTobacco use among women in an urban squatter settlement is very high and alarming. Preventive and control measures against tobacco use are required in these communities.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMiddle AgedPakistanPrevalenceSmokingTobacco, SmokelessTobacco UseTransients and MigrantsYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID26400484
PMCPMC4581439

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.