ArticleBiology of reproduction2015
Di-n-Butyl Phthalate Induces Multinucleated Germ Cells in the Rat Fetal Testis Through a Nonproliferative Mechanism.
Article in Biology of reproduction, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dose-response assessment of dipentyl phthalate effects on testosterone production and morphogenesis of late-gestation fetal rat testis.Environment international · 2025Article
- Prenatal Exposure to Dibutyl Phthalate and Its Negative Health Effects on Offspring: In Vivo and Epidemiological Studies.Journal of xenobiotics · 2024Review
- High-content analysis of testicular toxicity of BPA and its selected analogs in mouse spermatogonial, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells revealed BPAF induced unique multinucleation phenotype associated with the increased DNA synthesis.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA · 2023Article
- The role of small GTPases in bisphenol AF-induced multinucleation in comparison with dibutyl phthalate in the male germ cells.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2023Article
- Interaction between mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and retinoic acid alters Sertoli cell development during fetal mouse testis cord morphogenesis.Current research in toxicology · 2022Article
- REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY: Environmental exposures, fetal testis development and function: phthalates and beyond.Reproduction (Cambridge, England) · 2021Review
- Effects of endocrine disruptors on fetal testis development, male puberty, and transition age.Endocrine · 2021Review
- High-Content Image-Based Single-Cell Phenotypic Analysis for the Testicular Toxicity Prediction Induced by Bisphenol A and Its Analogs Bisphenol S, Bisphenol AF, and Tetrabromobisphenol A in a Three-Dimensional Testicular Cell Co-culture Model.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2020Article
- Article
- All-trans Retinoic Acid Disrupts Development in Ex Vivo Cultured Fetal Rat Testes. II: Modulation of Mono-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Toxicity.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2019Article
- Validation of an automated counting procedure for phthalate-induced testicular multinucleated germ cells.Toxicology letters · 2018Article
- Spontaneous testicular atrophy occurs despite normal spermatogonial proliferation in a Tp53 knockout rat.Andrology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In utero exposure to some phthalate esters adversely affects the development of the rat seminiferous cord, causing germ cell loss and increasing the number of multinucleated germ cells (MNGs). To understand the timing of MNG formation and determine whether it requires nuclear division, timed pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to 500 mg/kg di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) or corn oil vehicle by oral gavage on Gestational Day (GD) 17 or 18 (0 h) and euthanized after 2, 4, 6, or 24 h or given a second dose at 24 h and euthanized 48 h after the initial dose. Dams were simultaneously exposed to 0.3 M 5-bromo-2'-deoxycitidine (BrdC; converted to 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridylate [BrdU] in vivo) through a subcutaneous micro-osmotic pump implanted at -2 h. In the testes of male fetuses, DBP induced MNGs significantly beginning at 4-6 h and dramatically by 24 h when exposure began on GD 18 but not GD 17. Seminiferous cord diameter was significantly elevated in testes of rats treated with DBP at 24 and 48 h, and cell death, measured by TUNEL assay, was significantly elevated by DBP only at 48 h, when treatment began on GD 18. TUNEL-labeled MNGs were rare. Overall BrdU labeling rate in the testis was unaffected by DBP. Only one of 606 MNGs in BrdU-labeled sections had a strongly positive nucleus, confirming a nonproliferative mechanism of MNG formation, which is a degenerative process with the potential to adversely affect testis development.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.