Trial reportClinical science (London, England : 1979)2015
LDL-lipids from patients with hypercholesterolaemia and Alzheimer's disease are inflammatory to microvascular endothelial cells: mitigation by statin intervention.
Trial report in Clinical science (London, England : 1979), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review of OxLDL Driven Inflammatory Cell Activation.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Pooled it
- Application of Plasma Metabolomic Biomarker Panels in Early Diagnosis and Disease Staging of Alzheimer's Disease.Metabolites · 2026Article
- LDL oxidation and cerebrovascular aging: mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and vascular cognitive impairment and dementia.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Blood-brain barrier dysfunction and peripheral immune activation in Alzheimer's disease: an inflammation-centered review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- U-shaped association of the non-HDL/HDL ratio with cognitive impairment identified by conventional analyses and machine learning in health examination participants in Liuyang.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Assessing the causal role of lipid metabolites in Alzheimer's disease: A mendelian randomization study.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025Article
- Reactive oxygen species in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia.Free radical biology & medicine · 2025Review
- Novel AP39-Loaded Liposomes Sustain the Release of Hydrogen Sulphide, Enhance Blood-Brain Barrier Permeation, and Abrogate Oxidative Stress-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Brain Cells.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Alzheimer's disease-specific transcriptomic and epigenomic changes in the tryptophan catabolic pathway.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Modulatory Effect of Blood LDL Cholesterol on the Association between Cerebral Aβ and Tau Deposition in Older Adults.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2024Article
- Distinct effects of cholesterol profile components on amyloid and vascular burdens.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2023Article
- Prevalence and predictors of post-stroke cognitive impairment among stroke survivors in Uganda.BMC neurology · 2023Article
- Risk of New-Onset Dementia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease on Statin Users: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Metformin mitigates amyloid βMetabolic brain disease · 2023Article
- Prevalence and Predictors of Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment among Stroke Survivors in Uganda.Research square · 2023Article
- The effects of microglia-associated neuroinflammation on Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of serum metabolomic characteristics in people with different vitamin D levels.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2023Article
- Nobiletin prevents amyloid βMetabolic brain disease · 2022Article
- Remnant Cholesterol and Dyslipidemia Are Risk Factors for Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Severe Guillain-Barré Syndrome by Promoting Monocyte Activation.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Risk Factors Affecting Cognitive Impairment of the Elderly Aged 65 and Over: A Cross-Sectional Study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentration in mid-life increases the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) in later life. Increased oxidized LDL (oxLDL) modification and nitration is observed during dementia and hypercholesterolaemia. We investigated the hypothesis that statin intervention in mid-life mitigates the inflammatory effects of oxLDL on the microvasculature. Human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) were maintained in transwells to mimic the microvasculature and exposed to patient and control LDL. Blood was obtained from statin-naive, normo- and hyper-lipidaemic subjects, AD with vascular dementia (AD-plus) and AD subjects (n=10/group) at baseline. Only hyperlipidaemic subjects with normal cognitive function received 40 mg of simvastatin intervention/day for 3 months. Blood was re-analysed from normo- and hyper-lipidaemic subjects after 3 months. LDL isolated from statin-naive hyperlipidaemic, AD and AD-plus subjects was more oxidized (agarose gel electrophoretic mobility, protein carbonyl content and 8-isoprostane F2α) compared with control subjects. Statin intervention decreased protein carbonyls (2.5±0.4 compared with 3.95±0.2 nmol/mg; P<0.001) and 8-isoprostane F2α (30.4±4.0 pg/ml compared with 43.5±8.42 pg/ml; P<0.05). HMVEC treatment with LDL-lipids (LDL-L) from hyperlipidaemic, AD and AD-plus subjects impaired endothelial tight junction expression and decreased total glutathione levels (AD; 18.61±1.3, AD-plus; 16.5±0.7 nmol/mg of protein) compared with untreated cells (23.8±1.2 compared with nmol/mg of protein). Basolateral interleukin (IL)-6 secretion was increased by LDL-L from hyperlipidaemic (78.4±1.9 pg/ml), AD (63.2±5.9 pg/ml) and AD-plus (80.8±0.9 pg/ml) groups compared with healthy subject lipids (18.6±3.6 pg/ml). LDL-L isolated after statin intervention did not affect endothelial function. In summary, LDL-L from hypercholesterolaemic, AD and AD-plus patients are inflammatory to HMVECs. In vivo intervention with statins reduces the damaging effects of LDL-L on HMVECs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.