SynthesisJournal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)2016
Association of Thiazide-Type Diuretics With Glycemic Changes in Hypertensive Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials.
Synthesis in Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Isometric hand grip training on populations with different baseline resting blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- The suggested dosage and course of thiazide diuretics on preventing recurrent urolithiasis: an upstate meta-analysis.World journal of urology · 2025Pooled it
- Use of thiazide diuretics for the prevention of recurrent kidney calculi: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of translational medicine · 2020Pooled it
- The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension (JSH 2019).Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2019Guideline
- Trial
- Ethnic and Gender Disparities in Risk Factors for Prediabetes-A Retrospective Exploratory Analysis in Southern Israel.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Consensus on the management of hypertension in individuals with diabetes by Asian-Pacific Society of hypertension (APSH) & Diabetes Asia Study Group (DASG).Journal of human hypertension · 2026Article
- Factors Associated with Treatment Intensification for Uncontrolled Hypertension in a US Health System.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Unmasking of a HeterozygousKidney medicine · 2026Article
- Transport and thiazide-inhibition mechanisms of the Na-Cl cotransporter: a structural perspective.Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension · 2025Review
- Molecular mechanisms of thiazide-like diuretics-mediated inhibition of the human Na-Cl cotransporter.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Cardiorenal Syndrome in the Elderly: Challenges and Considerations.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Diuretics: a review of the pharmacology and effects on glucose homeostasis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Medication-Induced Hyperglycemia and Diabetes Mellitus: A Review of Current Literature and Practical Management Strategies.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2024Review
- Thiazide-associated hyponatremia increases the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events among elderly Taiwanese patients.BMC geriatrics · 2023Article
- Rationale and design of a multicenter randomized study comparing the efficacy and safety of esaxerenone versus trichlormethiazide in patients with uncontrolled essential hypertension: EXCITE-HT study.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2023Article
- RSSDI Guidelines for the management of hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus.International journal of diabetes in developing countries · 2022Review
- Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes-The Novel Treatment Possibilities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Blood pressure lowering and risk of new-onset type 2 diabetes: an individual participant data meta-analysis.Lancet (London, England) · 2021Article
- Therapeutic challenge: Unusual coexistence of idiopathic central diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus in a male with vitiligo.Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Patients receiving thiazide diuretics have a higher risk of impaired glucose tolerance or even incident diabetes, but the change of blood glucose level varies across different trials. The aim of this study was to investigate the glycemic changes in hypertensive patients with thiazide-type diuretics. Twenty-six randomized trials involving 16,162 participants were included. Thiazide-type diuretics were found to increase fasting plasma glucose (FPG) compared with nonthiazide agents or placebo or nontreatment (mean difference [MD], 0.27 mmol/L [4.86 mg/dL]; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.15-0.39). Patients receiving lower doses of thiazides (hydrochlorothiazide or chlorthalidone ≤25 mg daily) had less change in FPG (MD, 0.15 mmol/L [2.7 mg/dL]; 95% CI, 0.03-0.27) than those receiving higher doses (MD, 0.60 mmol/L [10.8 mg/dL]; 95% CI, 0.39-0.82), revealed by the subgroup analysis of thiazides vs calcium channel blockers. Thiazide-type diuretics are associated with significant but small adverse glycemic effects in hypertensive patients. Treatment with a lower dose might reduce or avoid glycemic changes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.