Trial reportAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2015
Confirmed Plasmodium vivax Resistance to Chloroquine in Central Vietnam.
Trial report in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Automated reporting of primaquine dose efficacy, tolerability and safety for Plasmodium vivax malaria using a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.Malaria journal · 2025Pooled it
- Primaquine for uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria in children younger than 15 years: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of primaquine dose on the risk of recurrence in patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of adherence to primaquine on the risk of Plasmodium vivax recurrence: a WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.Malaria journal · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The effect of chloroquine dose and primaquine on Plasmodium vivax recurrence: a WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network systematic review and individual patient pooled meta-analysis.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2018Pooled it
- Therapeutic efficacy of pyronaridine-artesunate (Pyramax) in treatingAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Trial
- A Randomized Comparison of Chloroquine Versus Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine for the Treatment of Plasmodium vivax Infection in Vietnam.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2016Trial
- Efficacy of directly-observed chloroquine-primaquine treatment for uncomplicated acute Plasmodium vivax malaria in northeast Myanmar: A prospective open-label efficacy trial.Travel medicine and infectious diseaseTrial
- Genomic analysis of global Plasmodium vivax populations reveals insights into the evolution of drug resistance.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The human malaria-Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Review
- Effectiveness of an Unsupervised Primaquine Regimen for Preventing Plasmodium vivax Malaria Relapses in Northeast Myanmar: A Single-Arm Nonrandomized Observational Study.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Observational
- Magnitude and patterns of severeFrontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- High Proportion of Genome-Wide Homology and Increased PretreatmentAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2021Article
- Article
- Molecular Surveillance andFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Antimalarial Drug Resistance and Implications for the WHO Global Technical Strategy.Current epidemiology reports · 2021Review
- Ex vivo susceptibilities of Plasmodium vivax isolates from the China-Myanmar border to antimalarial drugs and association with polymorphisms in Pvmdr1 and Pvcrt-o genes.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Evolution of the Plasmodium vivax multidrug resistance 1 gene in the Greater Mekong Subregion during malaria elimination.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Plasmodium vivax morbidity after radical cure: A cohort study in Central Vietnam.PLoS medicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax resistance to chloroquine (CQ) is currently reported in almost all countries where P. vivax is endemic. In Vietnam, despite a first report on P. vivax resistance to chloroquine published in the early 2000s, P. vivax was still considered sensitive to CQ. Between May 2009 and December 2011, a 2-year cohort study was conducted in central Vietnam to assess the recommended radical cure regimen based on a 10-day course of primaquine (0.5 mg/kg/day) together with 3 days of CQ (25 mg/kg). Here we report the results of the first 28-day follow-up estimating the cumulative risk of P. vivax recurrences together with the corresponding CQ blood concentrations, among other endpoints. Out of 260 recruited P. vivax patients, 240 completed treatment and were followed up to day 28 according to the WHO guidelines. Eight patients (3.45%) had a recurrent P. vivax infection, at day 14 (n = 2), day 21 (n = 1), and day 28 (n = 5). Chloroquine blood concentrations, available for 3/8 recurrent infections (days 14, 21, and 28), were above the MIC (>100 ng/ml whole blood) in all of these cases. Fever and parasitemia (both sexual and asexual stages) were cleared by day 3. Anemia was common at day 0 (35.8%), especially in children under 10 years (50%), and hemoglobin (Hb) recovery at day 28 was substantial among anemic patients (median change from day 0 to 28, +1.7 g/dl; interquartile range [IQR], +0.7 to +3.2). This report, based on CQ blood levels measured at the time of recurrences, confirms for the first time P. vivax CQ resistance in central Vietnam and calls for further studies using standardized protocols for accurately monitoring the extent and evolution of P. vivax resistance to chloroquine in Vietnam. These results, together with the mounting evidence of artemisinin resistance in central Vietnam, further highlight the increasing threat of antimalarial drug resistance to malaria elimination in Vietnam.
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