SynthesisMalaria journal2015
A systematic review of sub-microscopic Plasmodium vivax infection.
Synthesis in Malaria journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Detection of asymptomatic malaria in Asian countries: a meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy.Malaria journal · 2022Pooled it
- Assessing the acceptability and feasibility of reactive drug administration for malaria elimination in a Plasmodium vivax predominant setting: a qualitative study in two provinces in Thailand.BMC public health · 2023Trial
- Population heterogeneity in Plasmodium vivax relapse risk.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Trial
- Negligible Impact of Mass Screening and Treatment on Mesoendemic Malaria Transmission at West Timor in Eastern Indonesia: A Cluster-Randomized Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018Trial
- Assessment of malaria prevalence and determinants among clinically suspected individuals attending Dejen Primary Hospital, East Gojjam Zone, northwest Ethiopia.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Diagnostic gaps in light microscopy for malaria case management and control in Dilla Zuria Health Facility, southern Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Characterisation of malaria and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in conflict-affected zones of southern and eastern Sudan.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Integrating parallelCommunications health · 2026Article
- Travel-Related Malaria Diagnosis on Karius Test Despite Negative Blood Smear.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- The probability of Plasmodium vivax acute illness following primary infection and relapse in Papua New Guinea.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Asymptomatic/submicroscopicParasite epidemiology and control · 2025Article
- Profiling vivax malaria incidence, residual transmission, and risk factors using reactive case detection in low transmission settings of Ethiopia.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Plasmodium vivax serological exposure markers: PvMSP1-42-induced humoral and memory B-cell response generates long-lived antibodies.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Genetic differentiation of Plasmodium vivax duffy binding protein in Ethiopia and comparison with other geographical isolates.Malaria journal · 2024Article
- Human monoclonal antibodies inhibit invasion of transgenic Plasmodium knowlesi expressing Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding protein.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Potential hidden Plasmodium vivax malaria reservoirs from low parasitemia Duffy-negative Ethiopians: Molecular evidence.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Naturally-acquired and Vaccine-induced Human Monoclonal Antibodies tobioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Evidence of Transmission ofInsects · 2023Article
- Implementing a novel capture and ligation probe-PCR method in mass screen and treatment to support malaria elimination efforts in the China-Myanmar border region.Malaria journal · 2023Article
- Asia-Pacific ICEMR: Understanding Malaria Transmission to Accelerate Malaria Elimination in the Asia Pacific Region.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAn accurate estimate of Plasmodium vivax prevalence is essential for the successful implementation of malaria control and elimination programmes. Prevalence estimates both inform control strategies and are used in their evaluation. Light microscopy is the main method for detecting Plasmodium parasitaemia in the peripheral blood, but compared to molecular diagnostics, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), has limited sensitivity.
methodsA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effect of detection method on the prevalence of P. vivax and to quantify the extent to which P. vivax infections are undetected by microscopy. Embase, Medline and the Cochrane Database were searched for studies reporting prevalence by PCR and by microscopy and that contained all of the following key words: vivax, PCR, and malaria. Prevalence estimates and study meta-data were extracted systematically from each publication. Combined microscopy:PCR prevalence ratios were estimated by random effects meta-analysis. Sensitivity and specificity of microscopy were calculated using PCR as the gold standard.
resultsOf 874 studies reviewed, 40 met the criteria for inclusion contributing 54 prevalence pairs. The prevalence of P. vivax infection measured by PCR was consistently higher than the prevalence measured by microscopy with sub-patent parasitaemia. The mean prevalence of infection detected by microscopy was 67 % (95 % CI 59-73 %) lower than the prevalence detected by PCR. The detection of sub-patent parasitaemia did not vary according to the microscopy method (thick or, thick and thin smears), the PCR prevalence (as a measure of the true P. vivax prevalence), the type of blood used or DNA extraction method.
conclusionsQuantifying P. vivax parasitaemia by PCR rather than microscopy consistently increased prevalence estimates by a factor of 2.3. Whilst the sensitivity of microscopy can be improved by better methods, molecular methods have potential to be scaled up to improve the detection of P. vivax transmission reservoirs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.