ArticleVeterinary research2015
Oral administration of a select mixture of Bacillus probiotics generates Tr1 cells in weaned F4ab/acR- pigs challenged with an F4+ ETEC/VTEC/EPEC strain.
Article in Veterinary research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Beneficial Effects of Probiotics via Autophagy: A Systematic Review.BioMed research international · 2021Pooled it
- Role of C17 fengycin B fromApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Modulation of Gut Microbiota, Intestinal Physiology, and Digestive Enzyme Levels by Duo-Strain Probiotics in African Catfish (Aquaculture nutrition · 2025Article
- Maternal probiotic mixture supplementation optimizes the gut microbiota structure of offspring piglets through the gut-breast axis.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2024Article
- Role of immunomodulatory probiotics in alleviating bacterial diarrhea in piglets: a systematic review.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2024Review
- Modulation of Gut Microbial Community and Metabolism byNutrients · 2024Article
- Review
- Review on Preventive Measures to Reduce Post-Weaning Diarrhoea in Piglets.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Review
- Bacillus licheniformis PF9 improves barrier function and alleviates inflammatory responses against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4 infection in the porcine intestinal epithelial cells.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2022Article
- Effects ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Skeletal Muscle Development and Fat Deposition in Pigs.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Regulatory effects of Trichinella spiralis and a serine protease inhibitor on the endoplasmic reticulum stress response of intestinal epithelial cells.Veterinary research · 2022Article
- Review
- Effects ofJournal of animal science and technology · 2021Article
- Parasite-Probiotic Interactions in the Gut:Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Effects of Bacillus subtilis on growth performance, serum parameters, digestive enzyme, intestinal morphology, and colonic microbiota in piglets.AMB Express · 2020Article
- Butyrate-mediated autophagy inhibition limits cytosolic Salmonella Infantis replication in the colon of pigs treated with a mixture of Lactobacillus and Bacillus.Veterinary research · 2020Article
- Anti-inflammatory effects of Lactobacillus johnsonii L531 in a pig model of Salmonella Infantis infection involves modulation of CCR6Veterinary research · 2020Article
- FeedingFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Frequency of Diarrheagenic Virulence Genes and Characteristics inMicroorganisms · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although breeding of F4 receptor - negative (F4R(-)) pigs may prevent post-weaning diarrhea, the underlying immunity is poorly understood. Here, various doses of a Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis mixture (BLS-mix) were orally administered to F4ab/acR(-) pigs for 1 week before F4 (K88) - positive ETEC/VTEC/EPEC challenge. Administration of BLS-mix increased the percentage of Foxp3(-)IL-10(+) T cells but not of Foxp3(+)IL-10(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells among peripheral blood CD4(+) T cells. A low dose of BLS-mix feeding resulted in increased the expression of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, and the transcription factors Foxp3 and T-bet mRNAs in the jejunum. Administration of either a low or high dose BLS-mix also led to an increase in the percentage of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) Treg cells among intraepithelial lymphocytes and CD4(+)IL-10(+) T cells in the small intestinal Peyer's patches and the lamina propria of F4ab/acR(-) pigs following F4(+) ETEC/VTEC/EPEC challenge. The increased number of IL-10-producing CD4(+) T cells was attributed to an increase in the proportion of Foxp3(-)IL-10(+) Treg cells rather than Foxp3(+)IL-10(+) Treg cells. Our data indicate that oral administration of BLS-mix to newly weaned F4ab/acR(-) pigs ameliorates enteritis in an F4(+) ETEC/VTEC/EPEC model; however, induction of IL-10-producing Foxp3(-) Treg cells by BLS-mix administration cannot account for the protection of newly weaned F4ab/acR(-) pigs from F4(+) ETEC/VTEC/EPEC infection, and that excessive generation of CD4(+)IL-10(+) T cells following consumption of BLS-mix during episodes of intestinal inflammation that is caused by enteric pathogens might prohibit clearance of the pathogen. Select probiotic mixtures may allow for tailoring strategies to prevent infectious diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.