ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2015
Anthocyanins inhibit high-glucose-induced cholesterol accumulation and inflammation by activating LXRα pathway in HK-2 cells.
Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 52 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hepato-Renal Axis: A Systematic Review of Anthocyanin Protective Mechanisms of Preclinical Evidence.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Roles of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD).Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Effects ofClinical nutrition research · 2025Review
- Traditional Chinese medicine monomers: a new strategy against diabetic kidney disease by regulating cholesterol efflux.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Targeting lipid metabolic reprogramming to alleviate diabetic kidney disease: molecular insights and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Upregulation of rate-limiting enzymes in cholesterol metabolism by PKCδ mediates endothelial apoptosis in diabetic wound healing.Cell death discovery · 2024Article
- Dietary Phenolic Compounds Exert Some of Their Health-Promoting Bioactivities by Targeting Liver X Receptor (LXR) and Retinoid X Receptor (RXR).Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review
- Nanoencapsulation of Cyanidin 3-Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Identification of compounds from chufa (Food science & nutrition · 2023Article
- Anthocyanin improves kidney function in diabetic kidney disease by regulating amino acid metabolism.Journal of translational medicine · 2022Article
- The Impact of Anthocyanins and Iridoids on Transcription Factors Crucial for Lipid and Cholesterol Homeostasis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Cyanidin 3-glucoside modulated cell cycle progression in liver precancerous lesion,World journal of gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Article
- Impact of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside on Gut Microbiota and Relationship with Metabolism and Inflammation in High Fat-High Sucrose Diet-Induced Insulin Resistant Mice.Microorganisms · 2020Article
- Cyanidin Chloride Induces Apoptosis by Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling through Activation of Nrf2 in Colorectal Cancer Cells.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Dietary Polyphenols and Gene Expression in Molecular Pathways Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Effects of Cornelian Cherry on Atherosclerosis and Its Risk Factors.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2019Review
- Effect of Agraz (Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism and inflammation plays a significant role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Anthocyanins are polyphenols widely distributed in food and exert various biological effects including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antihyperlipidemic effects. However, it remains unclear whether anthocyanins are associated with DN, and the mechanisms involved in the reciprocal regulation of inflammation and cholesterol efflux are yet to be elucidated. In this study, we evaluated the regulation of cholesterol metabolism and the anti-inflammatory effects exerted by anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside chloride [C3G] or cyanidin chloride [Cy]) and investigated the underlying molecular mechanism of action using high-glucose (HG)-stimulated HK-2 cells. We found that anthocyanins enhanced cholesterol efflux and ABCA1 expression markedly in HK-2 cells. In addition, they increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) expression and decreased the HG-induced expression of the proinflammatory cytokines intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), as well as NFκB activation. Incubation with the PPARα-specific inhibitor GW6471 and LXRα shRNA attenuated the anthocyanin-mediated promotion of ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux, suggesting that anthocyanins activated PPARα-LXRα-ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux in HK-2 cells. Moreover, the knockout of LXRα abrogated the anti-inflammatory effect of anthocyanins, whereas the PPARα antagonist GW6471 does not have this effect. Further investigations revealed that LXRα might interfere with anthocyanin-induced decreased ICAM1, MCP1, and TGFβ1 expression by reducing the nuclear translocation of NFκB. Collectively, these findings suggest that blocking cholesterol deposition and inhibiting the LXRα pathway-induced inflammatory response might be one of the main mechanisms by which anthocyanins exert their protective effects in DN.
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