Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26378914›Full record

Observational studyPloS one2015

Obesity and Aerobic Fitness among Urban Public School Students in Elementary, Middle, and High School.

B Ruth Clark, M Leanne White, Nathaniel K Royer, Tamara L Burlis, Nicholas C DuPont, Michael Wallendorf, Susan B Racette

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Effectiveness of school-based intervention in obese children.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026
    Article
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  12. Obesity Epidemiology Worldwide.Gastroenterology clinics of North America · 2016
    Review
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  14. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

B Ruth ClarkProgram in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
M Leanne WhiteSaint Louis Public Schools, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
Nathaniel K RoyerProgram in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
Tamara L BurlisProgram in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
Nicholas C DuPontDivision of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
Michael WallendorfDivision of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
Susan B RacetteProgram in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
Washington University in St. Louis · USSt. Louis Public Schools · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

AIMS AND

objectivesTo assess the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk among urban public school students through a collaborative school district and university partnership.

methodsChildren and adolescents in grades K-12 from 24 urban public schools participated in measurements of height, weight, and other health metrics during the 2009-2010 school year. Body mass index (BMI) percentiles and z-scores were computed for 4673 students. President's Challenge 1-mile endurance run was completed by 1075 students ages 9-19 years. Maximal oxygen consumption (⩒O2max) was predicted using an age-, sex-, and BMI-specific formula to determine health-related fitness. Resting blood pressure (BP) was assessed in 1467 students. Regression analyses were used to compare BMI z-scores, fitness, and age- and sex-specific BP percentiles across grade levels. Chi-square tests were used to explore the effect of sex and grade-level on health-related outcomes.

resultsBased on BMI, 19.8% were categorized as overweight and 24.4% were obese. Included in the obese category were 454 students (9.7% of sample) classified with severe obesity. Using FITNESSGRAM criteria, 50.2% of students did not achieve the Healthy Fitness Zone (HFZ); the proportion of students in the Needs Improvement categories increased from elementary to middle school to high school. Male students demonstrated higher fitness than female students, with 61.4% of boys and only 35.4% of girls meeting HFZ standards. Elevated BP was observed among 24% of 1467 students assessed. Systolic and diastolic BP z-scores revealed low correlation with BMI z-scores.

conclusionsA community-university collaboration identified obesity, severe obesity, overweight, and low aerobic fitness to be common risk factors among urban public school students.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultBlood PressureBody Mass IndexCardiovascular DiseasesChildCross-Sectional StudiesExerciseExercise TestFemaleHeart RateHumansMaleMissouriObesity, MorbidOxygen Consumption

Identifiers

PMID26378914
PMCPMC4574739
OpenAlexW2203981798

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.