Trial reportAIDS (London, England)2015
A prospective, randomized clinical trial of antiretroviral therapies on carotid wall thickness.
Trial report in AIDS (London, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT00851799 (Cardiovascular, Anthropometric, and Skeletal Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Cardiovascular, Anthropometric, and Skeletal Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Initiation With Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (FTC/TDF) Plus Atazanavir/Ritonavir (ATV/r), Darunavir/Ritonavir (DRV/r), or Raltegravir (RAL): Metabolic Substudy of A5257
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterization and stratification of risk factors of stroke in people living with HIV: A theory-informed systematic review.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Adipokines, Weight Gain and Metabolic and Inflammatory Markers After Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation: AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) A5260s.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Trial
- Grayscale Ultrasound Texture Features of Carotid and Brachial Arteries in People With HIV Infection Before and After Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Trial
- Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation Is Associated With Decreased Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Density in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Trial
- Safety and Impact of Low-dose Methotrexate on Endothelial Function and Inflammation in Individuals With Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus: AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study A5314.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Trial
- Brief Report: Changes in Plasma RANKL-Osteoprotegerin in a Prospective, Randomized Clinical Trial of Initial Antiviral Therapy: A5260s.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Body Composition Changes After Initiation of Raltegravir or Protease Inhibitors: ACTG A5260s.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2016Trial
- Antiretroviral-specific associations between bone hormonal changes and treatment induced weight gain.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- No accelerated progression of subclinical atherosclerosis with integrase strand transfer inhibitors compared to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Long-term effects on subclinical cardiovascular disease of switching from boosted protease inhibitors to dolutegravir.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2023Article
- The physiology of bilirubin: health and disease equilibrium.Trends in molecular medicine · 2023Review
- The J-shape Association between Total Bilirubin and Stroke in Older Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Multicenter Study.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2023Article
- The Role of Age in Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Asian People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Infection & chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Advanced Glycation End Products Associated With Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Open forum infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Association Between Atazanavir-Induced Hyperbilirubinemia and Cardiovascular Disease in Patients Infected with HIV.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
- HIV Associated Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke and Future Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Baseline Serum Bilirubin and Risk of First Stroke in Hypertensive Patients.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
- Cardiovascular Disease Burden in Rural Africa: Does HIV and Antiretroviral Treatment Play a Role?: Baseline Analysis of the Ndlovu Cohort Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Article
- Targeting Inflammation to Reduce Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in People With HIV Infection.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis article compares the effects of initiating three contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens on progression of carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) over 3 years.
designRandomized clinical trial.
settingMulticenter (26 institutions). PATIENTS: ART-naive HIV-infected individuals (n = 328) without known cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus.
interventionRandom assignment to tenofovir/emtricitabine along with atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/r), darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r), or raltegravir (RAL).
main outcome measuresRight-sided carotid IMT was evaluated by B-mode ultrasonography before ART initiation, and then after 48, 96, and 144 weeks. Comparisons of yearly rates of change in carotid IMT used mixed-effects linear regression models that permitted not only evaluation of the effects of ART on carotid IMT progression but also how ART-associated changes in traditional risk factors, bilirubin, and markers of HIV infection were associated carotid IMT progression.
resultsHIV-1 RNA suppression rates were high in all arms (>85%) over 144 weeks. Modest increases in triglycerides and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were observed in the protease inhibitor-containing arms compared with decreases with RAL. In contrast, carotid IMT progressed more slowly on ATV/r [8.2, 95% confidence interval (5.6, 10.8) μm/year] than DRV/r [12.9 (10.3, 15.5) μm/year, P = 0.013]; changes with RAL were intermediate [10.7 (9.2, 12.2) μm/year, P = 0.15 vs. ATV/r; P = 0.31 vs. DRV/r]. Bilirubin and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels appeared to influence carotid IMT progression rates.
conclusionIn ART-naive HIV-infected individuals at low cardiovascular disease risk, carotid IMT progressed more slowly in participants initiating ATV/r than those initiating DRV/r, with intermediate changes associated with RAL. This effect may be due, in part, to hyperbilirubinemia.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.