ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015
Genetic variation in CD38 and breastfeeding experience interact to impact infants' attention to social eye cues.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Predicting Positive Affect in Infancy.Developmental science · 2026Article
- Dorso-medial prefrontal cortex responses to social smiles predict sociability in early human development.Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- Variability in the expression and perception of positive affect in human infancy.Social cognitive and affective neuroscience · 2023Article
- Infant and maternal responses to emotional facial expressions: A longitudinal study.Infant behavior & development · 2023Article
- The social origins of obesity within and across generations.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2023Review
- Large scale validation of an early-age eye-tracking biomarker of an autism spectrum disorder subtype.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Maternal odor reduces the neural response to fearful faces in human infants.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2020Review
- The Development of Negative Event-Emotion Matching in Infancy: Implications for Theories in Affective Science.Affective science · 2020Article
- Developing an Understanding of Emotion Categories: Lessons from Objects.Trends in cognitive sciences · 2020Review
- Children's emotion inferences from masked faces: Implications for social interactions during COVID-19.PloS one · 2020Article
- Impression Formation in the Human Infant Brain.Cerebral cortex communications · 2020Article
- Review
- Epigenetic modification of the oxytocin receptor gene is associated with emotion processing in the infant brain.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2019Article
- Association Between Breastfeeding Initiation and Duration and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Preschool Children Enrolled in the Study to Explore Early Development.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2019Article
- Infants' brain responses to pupillary changes in others are affected by race.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Demography and rapid local adaptation shape Creole cattle genome diversity in the tropics.Evolutionary applications · 2019Article
- The neurodevelopmental precursors of altruistic behavior in infancy.PLoS biology · 2018Article
- Psychological effects of breastfeeding on children and mothers.Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2018Review
- Perceived Intensity of Emotional Point-Light Displays is Reduced in Subjects with ASD.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2018Article
- Intestinal transepithelial permeability of oxytocin into the blood is dependent on the receptor for advanced glycation end products in mice.Scientific reports · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
Attending to emotional information conveyed by the eyes is an important social skill in humans. The current study examined this skill in early development by measuring attention to eyes while viewing emotional faces in 7-mo-old infants. In particular, we investigated individual differences in infant attention to eyes in the context of genetic variation (CD38 rs3796863 polymorphism) and experiential variation (exclusive breastfeeding duration) related to the oxytocin system. Our results revealed that, whereas infants at this age show a robust fear bias (increased attention to fearful eyes), their attention to angry and happy eyes varies as a function of exclusive breastfeeding experience and genetic variation in CD38. Specifically, extended exclusive breastfeeding duration selectively enhanced looking preference to happy eyes and decreased looking to angry eyes. Importantly, however, this interaction was impacted by CD38 variation, such that only the looking preferences of infants homozygous for the C allele of rs3796863 were affected by breastfeeding experience. This genotype has been associated with reduced release of oxytocin and higher rates of autism. In contrast, infants with the CA/AA genotype showed similar looking preferences regardless of breastfeeding exposure. Thus, differences in the sensitivity to emotional eyes may be linked to an interaction between the endogenous (CD38) and exogenous (breastfeeding) availability of oxytocin. These findings underline the importance of maternal care and the oxytocin system in contributing to the early development of responding to social eye cues.
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