ReviewCurrent diabetes reports2015
T cell epitopes and post-translationally modified epitopes in type 1 diabetes.
Review in Current diabetes reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 77 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beta Cell Stress to Epitope Diversification: Post-Translationally Modified Antigens in Type 1 Diabetes.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Discovery of Post-Translationally Modified Epitopes in Autoimmunity: Someone Has to Fish so Everyone Can Eat.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Citrullination and Deamidation in Type 1 Diabetes: Linking Beta Cell Stress to Neoantigen-Driven Autoimmunity.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Beyond PAD Inhibition: Emerging Avenues and Natural Products for Targeting Citrullination in Immune Diseases.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Review
- Multiple low dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes as a model for studying autoimmune diabetes in humans.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- CD4+ T Cells From Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes Respond to a Novel Class of Deamidated Peptides Formed in Pancreatic Islets.Diabetes · 2024Article
- Using mass spectrometry to identify neoantigens in autoimmune diseases: The type 1 diabetes example.Seminars in immunology · 2023Review
- Challenges and opportunities in analyzing and modeling peptide presentation by HLA-II proteins.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Review
- Carbonyl Posttranslational Modification Associated With Early-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Autoimmunity.Diabetes · 2022Article
- T-Cell Receptor/HLA Humanized Mice Reveal Reduced Tolerance and Increased Immunogenicity of Posttranslationally Modified GAD65 Epitope.Diabetes · 2022Article
- Citrullination of glucokinase is linked to autoimmune diabetes.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Biomarkers of autoimmunity and beta cell metabolism in type 1 diabetes.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Sustained high glucose intake accelerates type 1 diabetes in NOD mice.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- Characterizing T cell responses to enzymatically modified beta cell neo-epitopes.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Noncontiguous T cell epitopes in autoimmune diabetes: From mice to men and back again.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2021Review
- The many faces of islet antigen-specific CD8 T cells: clues to clinical outcome in type 1 diabetes.Immunology and cell biology · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which progressive loss of self-tolerance, evidenced by accumulation of auto-antibodies and auto-reactive T cells that recognize diverse self-proteins, leads to immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells and loss of insulin secretion. In this review, we discuss antigens and epitopes in T1D and the role that post-translational modifications play in circumventing tolerance mechanisms and increasing antigenic diversity. Emerging data suggest that, analogous to other autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and celiac disease, enzymatically modified epitopes are preferentially recognized in T1D. Modifying enzymes such as peptidyl deiminases and tissue transglutaminase are activated in response to beta cell stress, providing a mechanistic link between post-translational modification and interactions with the environment. Although studies of such responses in the at-risk population have been limited, current data suggests that breakdown in tolerance through post-translational modification represents an important checkpoint in the development of T1D.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.