ReviewCurrent cardiology reports2015
CVD Prevention Through Policy: a Review of Mass Media, Food/Menu Labeling, Taxation/Subsidies, Built Environment, School Procurement, Worksite Wellness, and Marketing Standards to Improve Diet.
Review in Current cardiology reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Global, regional, national burden of colorectal cancer from 1990 to 2021, with projections of incidence to 2050: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- An umbrella review of the acceptability of fiscal and pricing policies to reduce diet-related noncommunicable disease.Nutrition reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Evidence Gaps in Assessments of the Healthiness of Online Supermarkets Highlight the Need for New Monitoring Tools: a Systematic Review.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2022Pooled it
- Effectiveness of workplace wellness programmes for dietary habits, overweight, and cardiometabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Public health · 2021Pooled it
- Consolidating evidence on the effectiveness of interventions promoting fruit and vegetable consumption: an umbrella review.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2021Pooled it
- Systematic Review on International Salt Reduction Policy in Restaurants.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of the Effect of Retail Food Environment Interventions on Diet and Health with a Focus on the Enabling Role of Public Policies.Current nutrition reports · 2019Pooled it
- A Meta-Analysis of Food Labeling Effects on Consumer Diet Behaviors and Industry Practices.American journal of preventive medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Healthy food procurement and nutrition standards in public facilities: evidence synthesis and consensus policy recommendations.Health promotion and chronic disease prevention in Canada : research, policy and practice · 2018Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The prospective impact of food pricing on improving dietary consumption: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Are Dutch adults equally susceptible to nudging and pricing strategies? Secondary analyses of the Supreme Nudge parallel cluster-randomised controlled supermarket trial.BMC medicine · 2024Trial
- Shifting toward a healthier dietary pattern through nudging and pricing strategies: A secondary analysis of a randomized virtual supermarket experiment.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Trial
- Trends and Contextual Factors Related to Obesity-Related Legislation in the Republic of Korea (2006-2024).Nutrients · 2026Article
- Food Service Directors' Knowledge and Beliefs About Ultraprocessed Foods in California's San Joaquin Valley Schools.Preventing chronic disease · 2026Article
- Social deprivation, race, and metabolic syndrome in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Differences in plant- and animal-based protein sources consumed across socioeconomic groups in The Netherlands and their associated environmental impact.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Encouraging healthy eating by appealing to environmental sustainability, health, or both: A randomized experiment with US young adults.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- The need and strategies for increasing whole-grain intake: a narrative review focused on the UK and Ireland.The British journal of nutrition · 2025Review
- Trends in the double burden of malnutrition among Indonesian adults, 2007 to 2023.Scientific reports · 2025Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Poor diet is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease in the USA and globally. Evidence-based policies are crucial to improve diet and population health. We reviewed the effectiveness for a range of policy levers to alter diet and diet-related risk factors. We identified evidence to support benefits of focused mass media campaigns (especially for fruits, vegetables, salt), food pricing strategies (both subsidies and taxation, with stronger effects at lower income levels), school procurement policies (for increasing healthful or reducing unhealthful choices), and worksite wellness programs (especially when comprehensive and multicomponent). Evidence was inconclusive for food and menu labeling (for consumer or industry behavior) and changes in local built environment (e.g., availability or accessibility of supermarkets, fast food outlets). We found little empiric evidence evaluating marketing restrictions, although broad principles and large resources spent on marketing suggest utility. Widespread implementation and evaluation of evidence-based policy strategies, with further research on other strategies with mixed/limited evidence, are essential "population medicine" to reduce health and economic burdens and inequities of diet-related illness worldwide.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.