Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26368654›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in neuroendocrinology2015

The omniscient placenta: Metabolic and epigenetic regulation of fetal programming.

Bridget M Nugent, Tracy L Bale

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in neuroendocrinology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 125 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
125citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
31.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

125 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 235 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Placental Pathophysiology and Developmental Programming of Adult Cardiometabolic Risk: A Narrative Review of Pregnancy Exposures.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Bridget M NugentDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 380 S. University Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: bnugent@vet.upenn.edu.
Tracy L BaleDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, 380 S. University Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. Electronic address: tbale@vet.upenn.edu.
University of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

Prepubertal Stress, Windows of Risk & Sex Bias for Affective DisturbanceP50MH099910 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI EPPERSON, C. NEILL · 2012 to 2017
$6.5M
Paternal stress epigenetic programming of offspring neurodevelopmentR37MH108286 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BALE, TRACY L · 2015 to 2024
$6.2M
Actions of CRF on 5-HT Pathways in Mood RegulationR01MH073030 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BALE, TRACY L · 2005 to 2015
$3.5M
Early Gestation as a Sensitive Period to Stress in Sex-Dependent NeurodevelopmentR01MH091258 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BALE, TRACY L · 2010 to 2014
$2.0M
Early pregnancy stress programming of offspring emotionalityR01MH087597 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BALE, TRACY L · 2010 to 2014
$2.0M
Maternal stress and the vaginal microbiome: impacts on brain developmentR33MH104184 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BALE, TRACY L · 2016 to 2018
$1.9M
Maternal stress and the vaginal microbiome: impacts on brain developmentR21MH104184 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BALE, TRACY L · 2014 to 2015
$555k
NIMH NIH HHS MH087597NIMH NIH HHS MH091258NIMH NIH HHS MH099910NIMH NIH HHS MH104184NIMH NIH HHS MH108286NIMH NIH HHS P50 MH099910NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH073030NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH087597NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH091258NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH108286NIMH NIH HHS R21 MH104184NIMH NIH HHS R33 MH104184NIMH NIH HHS R37 MH108286
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fetal development could be considered a sensitive period wherein exogenous insults and changes to the maternal milieu can have long-term impacts on developmental programming. The placenta provides the fetus with protection and necessary nutrients for growth, and responds to maternal cues and changes in nutrient signaling through multiple epigenetic mechanisms. The X-linked enzyme O-linked-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) acts as a nutrient sensor that modifies numerous proteins to alter various cellular signals, including major epigenetic processes. This review describes epigenetic alterations in the placenta in response to insults during pregnancy, the potential links of OGT as a nutrient sensor to placental epigenetics, and the implications of placental epigenetics in long-term neurodevelopmental programming. We describe the role of placental OGT in the sex-specific programming of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis programming deficits by early prenatal stress as an example of how placental signaling can have long-term effects on neurodevelopment.

Indexed as

AdultAnimalsEpigenesis, GeneticFemaleFetal DevelopmentFetusHumansPlacentaPregnancyEpigeneticsFetal developmentNeurodevelopmentNutritionOGTPlacentaStress

Identifiers

PMID26368654
PMCPMC4681645
OpenAlexW1755596772

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.