ArticleThe lancet. HIV2014
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of a Chemokine Receptor 5 (CCR5) Antagonist to Decrease the Occurrence of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in HIV-Infection: The CADIRIS Study.
Article in The lancet. HIV, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mitochondrial changes associated with viral infectious diseases in the paediatric population.Reviews in medical virology · 2021Pooled it
- Quadruple versus triple combination antiretroviral therapies for treatment naive people with HIV: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2019Pooled it
- Relationship Between Anemia and Systemic Inflammation in People Living With HIV and Tuberculosis: A Sub-Analysis of the CADIRIS Clinical Trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Vitamin D, D-dimer, Interferon γ, and sCD14 Levels are Independently Associated with Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome: A Prospective, International Study.EBioMedicine · 2016Trial
- TB-IRIS, T-cell activation, and remodeling of the T-cell compartment in highly immunosuppressed HIV-infected patients with TB.AIDS (London, England) · 2015Trial
- The CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axis in HIV-associated inflammation and cardiometabolic disease.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2026Review
- Mapping Molecular Pathways of Multiple Sclerosis: A Gene Prioritization and Network Analysis of White Matter Pathology Transcriptomics.Annals of neurology · 2025Article
- Interventions to reduce deaths in people living with HIV admitted to hospital in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Novel small synthetic HIV-1 V3 crown variants: CCR5 targeting ligands.Journal of biochemistry · 2022Article
- Medical Care for Tuberculosis-HIV-Coinfected Patients in Russia with Respect to a Changeable Patients' Structure.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
- Mitoxantrone modulates a heparan sulfate-spike complex to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- CCR5 Blockade in Inflammatory PML and PML-IRIS Associated With Chronic Inflammatory Diseases' Treatments.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Advances in Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.Annals of neurology · 2021Review
- Systemic Inflammation Associated with Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in Persons Living with HIV.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Tuberculosis IRIS: Pathogenesis, Presentation, and Management across the Spectrum of Disease.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Pre-selected class-level testing of longitudinal biomarkers reduces required multiple testing corrections to yield novel insights in longitudinal small sample human studies.Statistical communications in infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Using Immune Restoration.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2020Review
- Management of Advanced HIV Disease.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2019Review
- Chemokine receptor CCR5 correlates with functional CD8FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2019Article
- Not a Disease of the Past: A Case Series of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in the Established Antiretroviral Era.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) is a common complication of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected patients. IRIS is associated with an increased risk of hospitalization and death. We ascertained whether CCR5 blockade using maraviroc reduces the risk of IRIS.
methodsThe CADIRIS study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial that accrued subjects from five clinical sites in Mexico and one in South Africa between November 2009 and January 2012, and followed them for one year. The primary outcome was occurrence of IRIS by 24 weeks. HIV-infected adults, naïve to ART, with CD4 cells <100/μL, and HIVRNA >1,000 copies/mL were eligible. We screened 362 subjects; 279 met inclusion criteria, 3 refused participation, and 276 were randomized. Participants received maraviroc 600 mg twice daily or placebo added to an ART regimen that included tenofovir, emtricitabine, and efavirenz for 48 weeks.
findingsThere were 276 patients randomized (140 received maraviroc and 136 placebo). There was no difference in the time to IRIS events between treatment arms (HR 1·08, 95% CI (0·66, 1·77), log-rank test
interpretationMaraviroc had no significant effect on frequency, time or severity of IRIS events after ART initiation. Including a CCR5 inhibitor in an initial treatment regimen does not confer a meaningful protection from the occurrence of IRIS in persons with advanced HIV infection.
fundingThe trial was funded as investigator initiated research by Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA.
trial registration
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.