ArticleBiological psychiatry2016
Markedly Lower Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 67 Protein Levels in a Subset of Boutons in Schizophrenia.
Article in Biological psychiatry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of selected second and third generation antipsychotics on cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Systematic review and network meta-analysis.International clinical psychopharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Altered Expression of GABA-Related Genes in Schizophrenia: Insights from Meta-Analyses of Brain and Blood Samples and iPSC-Derived Organoids.Alpha psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Axo-axonic cells in neuropsychiatric disorders: a systematic review.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Pooled it
- Cortical control of chandelier cells in neural codes.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- A causal coding variant regulating alternative splicing ofScience advances · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of RERE in schizophrenia pathogenesis: insights from multi-omics and single-cell sequencing.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Aging disrupts the coordination between mRNA and protein expression in mouse and human midbrain.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Brain region and sex differences in human microglia morphology and function.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2025Article
- Synaptic alterations in pyramidal cells following genetic manipulation of neuronal excitability in monkey prefrontal cortex.Journal of neurophysiology · 2025Article
- GABAergic and inflammatory changes in the frontal cortex following neonatal PCP plus isolation rearing, as a dual-hit neurodevelopmental model for schizophrenia.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Aging disrupts the coordination between mRNA and protein expression in mouse and human midbrain.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Scaling of smaller pyramidal neuron size and lower energy production in schizophrenia.Neurobiology of disease · 2024Article
- Altered Sleep Oscillations as Neurophysiological Biomarkers of Schizophrenia.Advances in neurobiology · 2024Review
- GABAergic dysfunction in postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex: implications for cognitive deficits in schizophrenia and affective disorders.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Laminar-Specific Alterations in Calbindin-Positive Boutons in the Prefrontal Cortex of Subjects With Schizophrenia.Biological psychiatry · 2023Article
- The Nature of Prefrontal Cortical GABA Neuron Alterations in Schizophrenia: Markedly Lower Somatostatin and Parvalbumin Gene Expression Without Missing Neurons.The American journal of psychiatry · 2023Article
- Cognitive Dysfunction and Prefrontal Cortical Circuit Alterations in Schizophrenia: Developmental Trajectories.Biological psychiatry · 2022Review
- Investigating the Role of GABA in Neural Development and Disease Using Mice Lacking GAD67 or VGAT Genes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Parvalbumin and parvalbumin chandelier interneurons in autism and other psychiatric disorders.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
- Leucine-Rich Repeats and Transmembrane Domain 2 Controls Protein Sorting in the Striatal Projection System and Its Deficiency Causes Disturbances in Motor Responses and Monoamine Dynamics.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundConvergent findings indicate that cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic circuitry is altered in schizophrenia. Postmortem studies have consistently found lower levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) messenger RNA (mRNA) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of subjects with schizophrenia. At the cellular level, the density of GABA neurons with detectable levels of GAD67 mRNA is ~30% lower across cortical layers. Knowing how this transcript deficit translates to GAD67 protein levels in axonal boutons is important for understanding the impact it might have on GABA synthesis. In addition, because reductions in GAD67 expression before, but not after, the maturation of GABAergic boutons results in a lower density of GABAergic boutons in mouse cortical cultures, knowing if GABAergic bouton density is altered in schizophrenia would provide insight into the timing of the GAD67 deficit.
methodsPFC tissue sections from 20 matched pairs of schizophrenia and comparison subjects were immunolabeled for the vesicular GABA transporter (vGAT) and GAD67.
resultsvGAT+ bouton density did not differ between subject groups, consistent with findings that vGAT mRNA levels are unaltered in the illness and confirming that the number of cortical GABAergic boutons is not lower in schizophrenia. In contrast, in schizophrenia subjects, the proportion of vGAT+ boutons with detectable GAD67 levels (vGAT+/GAD67+ boutons) was 16% lower and mean GAD67 levels were 14% lower in the remaining vGAT+/GAD67+ boutons.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that GABA production is markedly reduced in a subset of boutons in the PFC of schizophrenia subjects and that this reduction likely occurs after the maturation of GABAergic boutons.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.