ArticleThe international journal of neuropsychopharmacology2015
Cortico-Striatal GABAergic and Glutamatergic Dysregulations in Subjects at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis Investigated with Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.
Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03742557 (Evaluation of Schemes of Administration of Intravenous Ketamine in Treatment-resistant Depression), which is not on this map. Cited by 45 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
45citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluation of Schemes of Administration of Intravenous Ketamine in Treatment-resistant Depression: Clinical-neuroimaging Correlation
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Medial Frontal Cortex GABA Concentrations in Psychosis Spectrum and Mood Disorders: A Meta-analysis of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies.Biological psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Glutamatergic and GABAergic metabolite levels in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis ofMolecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Neuroimaging studies of GABA in schizophrenia: a systematic review with meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2017Pooled it
- Diazepam modulates anterior cingulate glutamate levels in people at clinical high-risk for psychosis.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Trial
- Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol increases striatal glutamate levels in healthy individuals: implications for psychosis.Molecular psychiatry · 2020Trial
- Effects of acute N-acetylcysteine challenge on cortical glutathione and glutamate in schizophrenia: A pilot in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.Psychiatry research · 2019Trial
- The link between GABA levels and P300 abnormalities in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: regional and symptom-based insights.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Concerted elevations of cortical and striatal glutamate and GABA in antipsychotic-free individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- The impact of spectral basis set composition on estimated levels of cingulate glutamate and its associations with different personality traits.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Neurobiochemical Disturbances in Psychosis and their Implications for Therapeutic Intervention.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Dopamine Synthesis Capacity and GABA and Glutamate Levels Separate Antipsychotic-Naïve Patients With First-Episode Psychosis From Healthy Control Subjects in a Multimodal Prediction Model.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2023Article
- N-Acetylaspartate and Choline Metabolites in Cortical and Subcortical Regions in Clinical High Risk Relative to Healthy Control Subjects: An Exploratory 7T MRSI Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- White matter alterations and the conversion to psychosis: A combined diffusion tensor imaging and glutamateSchizophrenia research · 2022Article
- Neurochemical and functional interactions for improved perceptual decisions through training.Journal of neurophysiology · 2022Article
- MR-Spectroscopy of GABA and Glutamate/Glutamine Concentrations in Auditory Cortex in Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis Individuals.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Article
- Neurometabolic and functional changes of default-mode network relate to clinical recovery in first-episode psychosis patients: A longitudinalNeuroImage. Clinical · 2022Article
- Dopamine and glutamate in individuals at high risk for psychosis: a meta-analysis of in vivo imaging findings and their variability compared to controls.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2021Article
- In vivo Glx and Glu measurements from GABA-edited MRS at 3 T.NMR in biomedicine · 2021Article
- Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Glx/tCr Predicts Efficacy of High Frequency 4- to 6-Week rTMS Treatment and Is Associated With Symptom Improvement in Adults With Major Depressive Disorder: Findings From a Pilot Study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Camilo de la Fuente-SandovalLaboratory of Experimental Psychiatry (Drs de la Fuente-Sandoval, Reyes-Madrigal, and León-Ortiz), Neuropsychiatry Department (Dr de la Fuente-Sandoval), Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY (Ms Mao and Dr Shungu); Department of Education, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr León-Ortiz); Early Psychosis Intervention Department, Hospital Fray Bernardino Alvarez, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Palliative Care Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Solís-Vivanco); MR Advanced Applications, GE Healthcare, Mexico City, Mexico (Mr Favila); Multimodal Neuroimaging Schizophrenia Group, Research Imaging Centre, and Geriatric Mental Health Program at Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada (Dr Graff-Guerrero). fcamilo@unam.mx.
Francisco Reyes-MadrigalLaboratory of Experimental Psychiatry (Drs de la Fuente-Sandoval, Reyes-Madrigal, and León-Ortiz), Neuropsychiatry Department (Dr de la Fuente-Sandoval), Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY (Ms Mao and Dr Shungu); Department of Education, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr León-Ortiz); Early Psychosis Intervention Department, Hospital Fray Bernardino Alvarez, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Palliative Care Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Solís-Vivanco); MR Advanced Applications, GE Healthcare, Mexico City, Mexico (Mr Favila); Multimodal Neuroimaging Schizophrenia Group, Research Imaging Centre, and Geriatric Mental Health Program at Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada (Dr Graff-Guerrero).
Xiangling MaoLaboratory of Experimental Psychiatry (Drs de la Fuente-Sandoval, Reyes-Madrigal, and León-Ortiz), Neuropsychiatry Department (Dr de la Fuente-Sandoval), Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY (Ms Mao and Dr Shungu); Department of Education, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr León-Ortiz); Early Psychosis Intervention Department, Hospital Fray Bernardino Alvarez, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Palliative Care Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Solís-Vivanco); MR Advanced Applications, GE Healthcare, Mexico City, Mexico (Mr Favila); Multimodal Neuroimaging Schizophrenia Group, Research Imaging Centre, and Geriatric Mental Health Program at Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada (Dr Graff-Guerrero).
Pablo León-OrtizLaboratory of Experimental Psychiatry (Drs de la Fuente-Sandoval, Reyes-Madrigal, and León-Ortiz), Neuropsychiatry Department (Dr de la Fuente-Sandoval), Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY (Ms Mao and Dr Shungu); Department of Education, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr León-Ortiz); Early Psychosis Intervention Department, Hospital Fray Bernardino Alvarez, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Palliative Care Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Solís-Vivanco); MR Advanced Applications, GE Healthcare, Mexico City, Mexico (Mr Favila); Multimodal Neuroimaging Schizophrenia Group, Research Imaging Centre, and Geriatric Mental Health Program at Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada (Dr Graff-Guerrero).
Oscar Rodríguez-MayoralLaboratory of Experimental Psychiatry (Drs de la Fuente-Sandoval, Reyes-Madrigal, and León-Ortiz), Neuropsychiatry Department (Dr de la Fuente-Sandoval), Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY (Ms Mao and Dr Shungu); Department of Education, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr León-Ortiz); Early Psychosis Intervention Department, Hospital Fray Bernardino Alvarez, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Palliative Care Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Solís-Vivanco); MR Advanced Applications, GE Healthcare, Mexico City, Mexico (Mr Favila); Multimodal Neuroimaging Schizophrenia Group, Research Imaging Centre, and Geriatric Mental Health Program at Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada (Dr Graff-Guerrero).
Rodolfo Solís-VivancoLaboratory of Experimental Psychiatry (Drs de la Fuente-Sandoval, Reyes-Madrigal, and León-Ortiz), Neuropsychiatry Department (Dr de la Fuente-Sandoval), Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY (Ms Mao and Dr Shungu); Department of Education, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr León-Ortiz); Early Psychosis Intervention Department, Hospital Fray Bernardino Alvarez, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Palliative Care Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Solís-Vivanco); MR Advanced Applications, GE Healthcare, Mexico City, Mexico (Mr Favila); Multimodal Neuroimaging Schizophrenia Group, Research Imaging Centre, and Geriatric Mental Health Program at Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada (Dr Graff-Guerrero).
Rafael FavilaLaboratory of Experimental Psychiatry (Drs de la Fuente-Sandoval, Reyes-Madrigal, and León-Ortiz), Neuropsychiatry Department (Dr de la Fuente-Sandoval), Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY (Ms Mao and Dr Shungu); Department of Education, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr León-Ortiz); Early Psychosis Intervention Department, Hospital Fray Bernardino Alvarez, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Palliative Care Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Solís-Vivanco); MR Advanced Applications, GE Healthcare, Mexico City, Mexico (Mr Favila); Multimodal Neuroimaging Schizophrenia Group, Research Imaging Centre, and Geriatric Mental Health Program at Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada (Dr Graff-Guerrero).
Ariel Graff-GuerreroLaboratory of Experimental Psychiatry (Drs de la Fuente-Sandoval, Reyes-Madrigal, and León-Ortiz), Neuropsychiatry Department (Dr de la Fuente-Sandoval), Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY (Ms Mao and Dr Shungu); Department of Education, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr León-Ortiz); Early Psychosis Intervention Department, Hospital Fray Bernardino Alvarez, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Palliative Care Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Solís-Vivanco); MR Advanced Applications, GE Healthcare, Mexico City, Mexico (Mr Favila); Multimodal Neuroimaging Schizophrenia Group, Research Imaging Centre, and Geriatric Mental Health Program at Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada (Dr Graff-Guerrero).
Dikoma C ShunguLaboratory of Experimental Psychiatry (Drs de la Fuente-Sandoval, Reyes-Madrigal, and León-Ortiz), Neuropsychiatry Department (Dr de la Fuente-Sandoval), Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY (Ms Mao and Dr Shungu); Department of Education, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr León-Ortiz); Early Psychosis Intervention Department, Hospital Fray Bernardino Alvarez, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Palliative Care Unit, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Rodríguez-Mayoral); Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico (Dr Solís-Vivanco); MR Advanced Applications, GE Healthcare, Mexico City, Mexico (Mr Favila); Multimodal Neuroimaging Schizophrenia Group, Research Imaging Centre, and Geriatric Mental Health Program at Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada (Dr Graff-Guerrero).
Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía · MXCornell University · US
Funding
Novel MRS Neurotechnology for Imaging GABA & Glutamate Function in SchizophreniaR01MH075895 · NIMH · WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV · PI SHUNGU, DIKOMA C · 2007 to 2011
$2.3MNIMH NIH HHS R01 MH075895
Abstract
backgroundDysregulations of the major inhibitory and excitatory amino neurotransmitter systems of γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate, respectively, have been described in patients with schizophrenia. However, it is unclear whether these abnormalities are present in subjects at ultra-high risk for psychosis.
methodsTwenty-three antipsychotic naïve subjects at ultra-high risk and 24 healthy control subjects, matched for age, sex, handedness, cigarette smoking, and parental education, underwent proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy scans in the dorsal caudate bilaterally and the medial prefrontal cortex at 3T. Levels of γ-aminobutyric acid and of the combined resonance of glutamate and glutamine (Glx) were obtained using the standard J-editing technique and expressed as peak area ratios relative to the synchronously acquired unsuppressed voxel water signal.
resultsHigher levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (P<.001) and Glx (P=.007) were found in the dorsal caudate of the subjects at ultra-high risk than in the healthy controls. In the medial prefrontal cortex, likewise, both γ-aminobutyric acid (P=.03) and Glx (P=.006) levels were higher in the ultra-high risk group than in the healthy controls. No group differences were found for any of the other metabolites (N-acetylaspartate, total choline, or total creatine) in the 2 regions of interest.
conclusionsThis study presents the first evidence of abnormal elevations, in subjects at ultra-high risk, of γ-aminobutyric acid and Glx in 2 brain regions that have been implicated in the pathophysiology of psychosis, warranting longitudinal studies to assess whether these neurotransmitter abnormalities can serve as noninvasive biomarkers of conversion risk to psychosis as well as of illness progression and treatment response.
Indexed as
Corpus StriatumFemalegamma-Aminobutyric AcidGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGlutamic AcidHumansInterview, PsychologicalLinear ModelsMalePrefrontal CortexProdromal SymptomsProton Magnetic Resonance SpectroscopyPsychotic DisordersRiskSchizophreniaYoung Adultgamma-Aminobutyric AcidGlutamic Acid1H MRSGABAglutamatepsychosisschizophreniaultra-high risk
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Registered trials
NCT03742557ClinicalTrials.gov
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.