Trial reportJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2015
The Cellular Localization of Human Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein Expression Greatly Influences the Frequency and Functional Phenotype of Specific CD4+ T Cell Responses.
Trial report in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human Cytomegalovirus Antigen Presentation by HLA-DR+ NKG2C+ Adaptive NK Cells Specifically Activates Polyfunctional Effector Memory CD4+ T Lymphocytes.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Trial
- Integrative immunoinformatics and structural modeling for the rational design of a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against human cytomegalovirus.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Antigenic-Specificity and Cytokine Profile of the T-Cell Response to Human Cytomegalovirus in Transplant Recipients.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Valaciclovir therapy for secondary suppression of immune response to herpesviruses: An exploratory study.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- The immune response to human cytomegalovirus: impact of age, co-morbidities and the significance of anti-viral activity assessment.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Review
- Multivalent cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B nucleoside modified mRNA vaccines did not demonstrate a greater antibody breadth.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Human virome profiling identified CMV as the major viral driver of a high accumulation of senescent CD8Science advances · 2023Article
- Longitudinal association of cytokine-producing CMV-specific T cells with frailty in HIV-infected and -uninfected men who have sex with men.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2022Article
- Modified vaccinia Ankara expressing EEHV1A glycoprotein B elicits humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in mice.PloS one · 2022Article
- The CD4+ T Cell Response to Human Cytomegalovirus in Healthy and Immunocompromised People.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Review
- Asian Elephant T Cell Responses to Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus.Journal of virology · 2018Article
- Assessment of the T-SPOT.CMV interferon-γ release assay in renal transplant recipients: A single center cohort study.PloS one · 2018Observational
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Epitope-Specific CD4Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2017Article
- Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-Specific CD4Journal of virology · 2017Article
- Fighting Viral Infections and Virus-Driven Tumors with Cytotoxic CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Cytomegalovirus Infection Leads to Development of High Frequencies of Cytotoxic Virus-Specific CD4+ T Cells Targeted to Vascular Endothelium.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
CMV infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals, and the development of a vaccine is of high priority. Glycoprotein B (gB) is a leading vaccine candidate but the glycoprotein H (gH) pentameric complex is now recognized as the major target for neutralizing Abs. However, little is known about the T cell immune response against gH and glycoprotein L (gL) and this is likely to be an important attribute for vaccine immunogenicity. In this study, we examine and contrast the magnitude and phenotype of the T cell immune response against gB, gH, and gL within healthy donors. gB-specific CD4(+) T cells were found in 95% of donors, and 29 epitopes were defined with gB-specific response sizes ranging from 0.02 to 2.88% of the CD4(+) T cell pool. In contrast, only 20% of donors exhibited a T cell response against gH or gL. Additionally, gB-specific CD4(+) T cells exhibited a more cytotoxic phenotype, with high levels of granzyme B expression. Glycoproteins were effectively presented following delivery to APCs but only gB-derived epitopes were presented following endogenous synthesis. gB expression was observed exclusively within vesicular structures colocalizing with HLA-DM whereas gH was distributed evenly throughout the cytoplasm. Grafting of the C-terminal domain from gB onto gH could not transfer this pattern of presentation. These results reveal that gB is a uniquely immunogenic CMV glycoprotein and this is likely to reflect its unique pattern of endogenous Ag presentation. Consideration may be required toward mechanisms that boost cellular immunity to gH and gL within future subunit vaccines.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.