Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26361790›Full record

SynthesisClimacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society2015

Individually modifiable risk factors to ameliorate cognitive aging: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

P Lehert, P Villaseca, E Hogervorst, P M Maki, V W Henderson

Open access · greenAbstract readSystematic ReviewNetwork Meta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Climacteric : the journal of the International Menopause Society, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
11.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Pooled it
  6. Health benefits of tai chi: What is the evidence?Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2016
    Pooled it
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Human gut microbiome, diet, and mental disorders.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2025
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Socioeconomic and Contextual Differentials in Memory Decline: A Cross-Country Investigation Between England and China.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2023
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

P Leherta Faculty of Economics, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL Mons) , Mons , Belgium and Department of Psychiatry , Faculty of Medicine, The University of Melbourne , Australia.
P Villasecab * Department of Endocrinology , Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Santiago , Chile.
E Hogervorstc Applied Cognitive Research, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University , Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK.
P M Makid Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology , University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago , Illinois ; USA.
V W Hendersone Departments of Health Research and Policy (Epidemiology) and of Neurology and Neurological Sciences , Stanford University , Stanford , California , USA.
Loughborough University · GBPontificia Universidad Católica de Chile · CLStanford Health Care · USUCLouvain · BEUniversity of Illinois Chicago · US

Funding

Working Memory in Parkinson Disease: A Cognitive & Systems Neuroscience ApproachP50AG047366 · NIA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI GREICIUS, MICHAEL D · 2015 to 2019
$7.9M
Tai Chi and Guided Autobiography for Remediation of Age-Related Cognitive DeclineR01AG034639 · NIA · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HENDERSON, VICTOR · 2009 to 2011
$824k
NIA NIH HHS P50 AG047366NIA NIH HHS P50AG047366NIA NIH HHS R01 AG034639NIA NIH HHS R01AG034639
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A number of health and lifestyle factors are thought to contribute to cognitive decline associated with age but cannot be easily modified by the individual patient. We identified 12 individually modifiable interventions that can be implemented during midlife or later with the potential to ameliorate cognitive aging. For ten of these, we used PubMed databases for a systematic review of long-duration (at least 6 months), randomized, controlled trials in midlife and older adults without dementia or mild cognitive impairment with objective measures of neuropsychological performance. Using network meta-analysis, we performed a quantitative synthesis for global cognition (primary outcome) and episodic memory (secondary outcome). Of 1038 publications identified by our search strategy, 24 eligible trials were included in the network meta-analysis. Results suggested that the Mediterranean diet supplemented by olive oil and tai chi exercise may improve global cognition, and the Mediterranean diet plus olive oil and soy isoflavone supplements may improve memory. Effect sizes were no more than small (standardized mean differences 0.11-0.22). Cognitive training may have cognitive benefit as well. Most individually modifiable risk factors have not yet been adequately studied. We conclude that some interventions that can be self-initiated by healthy midlife and older adults may ameliorate cognitive aging.

Indexed as

Cognitive AgingAgedCognition DisordersDietary SupplementsDiet, MediterraneanGinkgo bilobaHumansLearningMemory, EpisodicMiddle AgedOlive OilRisk FactorsSoy FoodsTai JiOlive OilCOGNITIONCOGNITIVE ACTIVITYCOGNITIVE AGINGDEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONEFOLATEGINKGO BILOBAISOFLAVONESMEDITERRANEAN DIETMEMORYMENOPAUSAL HORMONE THERAPYMETA-ANALYSISMINDFULNESSOMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDSPHYSICAL EXERCISESOCIAL ENGAGEMENTSYSTEMATIC REVIEWTAI CHIVITAMIN B12VITAMIN D

Identifiers

PMID26361790
PMCPMC5199766
OpenAlexW1838155304

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.