ReviewHormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme2015
Graves' Disease Mechanisms: The Role of Stimulating, Blocking, and Cleavage Region TSH Receptor Antibodies.
Review in Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 65 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
65 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 131 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transient congenital hypothyroidism with normal size thyroid caused by maternal thyrotropin receptor antibodies: a case report and literature review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Pooled it
- Expansion of inflammatory monocytes in periphery and infiltrated into thyroid tissue in Graves' disease.Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Teprotumumab for Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy.The New England journal of medicine · 2017Trial
- Relationship between serum IgG4 levels and clinical activity of ophthalmopathy in Graves' disease.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- CAR T cell therapy in autoantibody-mediated neurological disorders: a promising strategy.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Clinical Evaluation of a New Automated Bridge Assay for the Detection of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Autoantibodies.Hormone and metabolic research = Hormon- und Stoffwechselforschung = Hormones et metabolisme · 2026Article
- Pediatric Graves' orbitopathy: TRAb and FT-3 are also prognostic factors in children-A tertiary center study.Thyroid research · 2026Article
- Expression, immunogenicity and clinical significance analysis of thyroid‑stimulating hormone receptor fusion proteins.Molecular medicine reports · 2025Article
- Thyroid-Targeted Nano-Bombs Empower HIFU for Graves' Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Chimeric autoantibody receptor T cells specifically eliminate Graves' Disease autoreactive B cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Targeted-Immunomodulatory Nanomedicines for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases via Multiple Administration Routes.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Neonatal Thyrotoxicosis in Infants of Mothers with Graves' Disease Treated for Radioiodine-Induced Hypothyroidism: A Literature Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- A retrospective study on the effectiveness of intensity modulated radiation therapy for thyroid associated ophthalmopathy at a single institute.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Comparison between thyroid stimulating immunoglobulin and TSH-receptor antibodies in the diagnosis and management of Graves' disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Characterizing the Interplay of Lymphocytes in Graves' Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Genetics and epigenetics of autoimmune thyroid diseases: Translational implications.Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism · 2023Review
- Influence of biological sex, age and smoking on Graves' orbitopathy - a ten-year tertiary referral center analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Dioscin Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Thyroiditis via the mTOR and TLR4/NF-κB Signaling.Drug design, development and therapy · 2023Article
- Article
5 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The immunologic processes involved in Graves' disease (GD) have one unique characteristic--the autoantibodies to the TSH receptor (TSHR)--which have both linear and conformational epitopes. Three types of TSHR antibodies (stimulating, blocking, and cleavage) with different functional capabilities have been described in GD patients, which induce different signaling effects varying from thyroid cell proliferation to thyroid cell death. The establishment of animal models of GD by TSHR antibody transfer or by immunization with TSHR antigen has confirmed its pathogenic role and, therefore, GD is the result of a breakdown in TSHR tolerance. Here we review some of the characteristics of TSHR antibodies with a special emphasis on new developments in our understanding of what were previously called "neutral" antibodies and which we now characterize as autoantibodies to the "cleavage" region of the TSHR ectodomain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.