ArticlePsychopathology2015
Ketamine-Induced Hallucinations.
Article in Psychopathology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effects of intravenous tramadol vs. intravenous ketamine in the prevention of shivering during spinal anesthesia: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Association of Ketamine With Psychiatric Symptoms and Implications for Its Therapeutic Use and for Understanding Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2020Pooled it
- Low-dose fentanyl does not alter muscle sympathetic nerve activity, blood pressure, or tolerance during progressive central hypovolemia.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2022Trial
- Alterations in interhemispheric gamma-band connectivity are related to the emergence of auditory verbal hallucinations in healthy subjects during NMDA-receptor blockade.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Trial
- Ketamine influences the locus coeruleus norepinephrine network, with a dependency on norepinephrine transporter genotype - a placebo controlled fMRI study.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2018Trial
- Emergence of synthetic drugs in South America: insights from Brazil, Chile, and Colombia.Harm reduction journal · 2026Review
- Ketamine Dosing Across Clinical Indications: A Narrative Review Organized by Proposed NMDA-Related Mechanisms.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Review
- Autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders manifesting with psychosis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Ketamine in clinical practice: transitioning from anesthetic agent to psychiatric therapeutic.CNS spectrums · 2025Review
- Protective effects of curcumin/magnesium oxide nanoparticles on ketamine-induced neurotoxicity in the mouse hippocampus.Research in pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Article
- Ultra-high Field fMRI Reveals Effect of Ketamine on Vocal Processing in Common Marmosets.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- A detailed theory of thalamic and cortical microcircuits for predictive visual inference.Science advances · 2025Article
- Mindfulness, music, visual occlusion in ketamine therapy for depression: do they change outcomes? A qualitative and quantitative analysis of a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- From Wheelchair Bound to Working: A Case Study of Intravenous Ketamine Infusions in Treating Stiff Person Syndrome.Cureus · 2024Article
- Psychopharmacological Approaches for Neural Plasticity and Neurogenesis in Major Depressive Disorders.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Drug-induced musical hallucination.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Modulators of GABANeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Review
- A Novel Multimodal Postoperative Pain Protocol for 1- to 2-Level Open Lumbar Fusions: A Retrospective Cohort Study.International journal of spine surgery · 2023Article
- OPIOID FREE GENERAL ANESTHESIA IN CLINICAL PRACTICE - A REVIEW ARTICLE.Acta clinica Croatica · 2023Review
- ERAS Protocol Options for Perioperative Pain Management of Substance Use Disorder in the Ambulatory Surgical Setting.Current pain and headache reports · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundKetamine, the NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist drug, is increasingly employed as an experimental model of psychosis in healthy volunteers. At subanesthetic doses, it safely and reversibly causes delusion-like ideas, amotivation and perceptual disruptions reminiscent of the aberrant salience experiences that characterize first-episode psychosis. However, auditory verbal hallucinations, a hallmark symptom of schizophrenia, have not been reported consistently in healthy volunteers even at high doses of ketamine. SAMPLING AND
methodsHere we present data from a set of healthy participants who received moderately dosed, placebo-controlled ketamine infusions in the reduced stimulation environment of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. We highlight the phenomenological experiences of 3 participants who experienced particularly vivid hallucinations.
resultsParticipants in this series reported auditory verbal and musical hallucinations at a ketamine dose that does not induce auditory hallucination outside of the scanner.
conclusionsWe interpret the observation of ketamine-induced auditory verbal hallucinations in the context of the reduced perceptual environment of the MRI scanner and offer an explanation grounded in predictive coding models of perception and psychosis - the brain fills in expected perceptual inputs, and it does so more in situations of altered perceptual input. The altered perceptual input of the MRI scanner creates a mismatch between top-down perceptual expectations and the heightened bottom-up signals induced by ketamine. Such circumstances induce aberrant percepts, including musical and auditory verbal hallucinations. We suggest that these circumstances might represent a useful experimental model of auditory verbal hallucinations and highlight the impact of ambient sensory stimuli on psychopathology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.