ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2016
Cost-Effectiveness of Frequent HIV Testing of High-Risk Populations in the United States.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Estimating HIV Management and Comorbidity Costs Among Aging HIV Patients in the United States: A Systematic Review.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2020Pooled it
- Systematic review of mobile health behavioural interventions to improve uptake of HIV testing for vulnerable and key populations.Journal of telemedicine and telecare · 2017Pooled it
- Evaluating the Evidence for More Frequent Than Annual HIV Screening of Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States: Results From a Systematic Review and CDC Expert Consultation.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Pooled it
- Cost-effectiveness of frequent HIV screening among men who have sex with men in China.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Cost-Effectiveness of HIV Prevention Strategies: A Systematic Review of Economic Evaluations.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Impact of voluntary testing on infectious disease epidemiology: A game theoretic approach.PloS one · 2023Article
- Motivations and Barriers to Routine HIV Testing Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in New York City.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- The Cost-Effectiveness of HIV/STI Prevention in High-Income Countries with Concentrated Epidemic Settings: A Scoping Review.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
- Factors influencing HIV testing and counselling services among men who have sex with men in Western China: a cross-sectional study based on Andersen's Behavioral Model.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2022Article
- Factors related to HIV testing frequency in MSM based on the 2011-2018 survey in Tianjin, China: a hint for risk reduction strategy.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Cost-effectiveness of Frequent HIV Screening Among High-risk Young Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Economic evaluation of alternative testing regimes and settings to detect undiagnosed HIV in Australia.BMC health services research · 2021Article
- Cost-Effectiveness of Peer-Delivered HIV Self-Tests for MSM in Uganda.Frontiers in public health · 2021Article
- Article
- The impact of localized implementation: determining the cost-effectiveness of HIV prevention and care interventions across six United States cities.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
- Structural Design and Data Requirements for Simulation Modelling in HIV/AIDS: A Narrative Review.PharmacoEconomics · 2019Review
- Assessing frontline HIV service provider efficiency using data envelopment analysis: a case study of Philippine social hygiene clinics (SHCs).BMC health services research · 2019Article
- Evidence for optimal HIV screening and testing intervals in HIV-negative individuals from various risk groups: A systematic review.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2018Article
- p24 revisited: a landscape review of antigen detection for early HIV diagnosis.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Review
- Inpatient Addiction Consult Service: Expertise for Hospitalized Patients with Complex Addiction Problems.The Medical clinics of North America · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeData showing a high incidence of HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) who had annual testing suggest that more frequent HIV testing may be warranted. Testing technology is also a consideration given the availability of sensitive testing modalities and the increased use of less-sensitive rapid, point-of-care antibody tests. We assessed the cost-effectiveness of HIV testing of MSM and injection drug users (IDUs) at 3- and 6-month intervals using fourth-generation and rapid tests.
methodsWe used a published mathematical model of HIV transmission to evaluate testing intervals for each population using cohorts of 10,000 MSM and IDU. We incorporated HIV transmissions averted due to serostatus awareness and viral suppression. We included costs for HIV testing and treatment initiation, and also treatment costs saved from averted transmissions.
resultsFor MSM, HIV testing was cost saving or cost effective over a 1-year period for both 6-month compared with annual testing and quarterly compared with 6-month testing using either test. Testing IDU every 6 months compared with annually was moderately cost effective over a 1-year period with a fourth-generation test, while testing with rapid, point-of-care tests or quarterly was not cost effective. MSM results remained robust in sensitivity analysis, whereas IDU results were sensitive to changes in HIV incidence and continuum-of-care parameters. Threshold analyses on costs suggested that additional implementation costs could be incurred for more frequent testing for MSM while remaining cost effective.
conclusionsHIV testing of MSM as frequently as quarterly is cost effective compared with annual testing, but testing IDU more frequently than annually is generally not cost effective.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.