ArticlePhysiological reports2015
Ginsenoside Rb1 increases insulin sensitivity by activating AMP-activated protein kinase in male rats.
Article in Physiological reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence of traditional Chinese medicine for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus: from molecular mechanisms to clinical efficacy.Pharmaceutical biology · 2024Pooled it
- Preload time-dependent effects ofFrontiers in nutrition · 2026Trial
- Clinical randomized controlled trial and network pharmacological analysis of blood glucose regulation by Korean red ginseng in patients with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose regulation.Journal of ginseng research · 2026Article
- Emerging Breakthroughs in Nano-Ginseng Innovations and Their Therapeutic Implications in Type 2 Diabetes.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Ginseng and its active compounds in ovarian aging: mechanistic basis and translational prospects.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Ginsenosides for the treatment of insulin resistance and diabetes: Therapeutic perspectives and mechanistic insights.Journal of ginseng research · 2024Review
- Guilu Erxian Jiao enhances protein synthesis, glucose homeostasis, mitochondrial biogenesis and slow-twitch fibers in the skeletal muscle.Journal of food and drug analysis · 2023Article
- Ginsenoside Rb1 Promotes Hepatic Glycogen Synthesis to Ameliorate T2DM Through 15-PGDH/PGEDiabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Article
- A New Mechanism for Ginsenoside Rb1 to Promote Glucose Uptake, Regulating Riboflavin Metabolism and Redox Homeostasis.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Upregulation of adiponectin by Ginsenoside Rb1 contributes to amelioration of hepatic steatosis induced by high fat diet.Journal of ginseng research · 2022Article
- Ginsenoside Rb1 Improves Metabolic Disorder in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice Associated With Modulation of Gut Microbiota.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- The effects of ginseng on the metabolic syndrome: An updated review.Food science & nutrition · 2021Review
- Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is a novel receptor for apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4) in adipose tissue.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Treatment of chemotherapy-induced cachexia with BST204: a multimodal validation study.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2021Article
- Article
- Ginsenoside Rb1 and Rb2 upregulate Akt/mTOR signaling-mediated muscular hypertrophy and myoblast differentiation.Journal of ginseng research · 2020Article
- Glucagon up-regulates hepatic mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 through cAMP-responsive element-binding protein; inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis by ginsenoside Rb1.British journal of pharmacology · 2019Article
- Chemical Structures and Pharmacological Profiles of Ginseng Saponins.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
- Autophagy and its regulation by ginseng components.Journal of ginseng research · 2019Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although ginseng has been reported to ameliorate hyperglycemia in animal models and clinical studies, the molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. We previously reported that chronic treatment with ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1), a major component of ginseng, significantly reduced fasting glucose and improved glucose tolerance in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. These effects were greater than those observed in pair-fed rats, suggesting a direct effect of Rb1 on glucose homeostasis, and this possibility was confirmed in the present study. In lean rats fed standard rodent chow, 5-day treatment with Rb1 significantly improved glucose tolerance and enhanced insulin sensitivity. Notably, those effects were not accompanied by reduced food intake or changed body weight. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, rats fed a HFD for 4 weeks were treated with Rb1 for 5 days. Subsequently, euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp studies found that compared to vehicle, Rb1, while not changing food intake or body weight, significantly increased glucose infusion rate required to maintain euglycemia. Consistent with this, insulin-induced inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis was significantly enhanced and hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and glucose-6-phosphatase gene expression was suppressed. Additionally, glucose uptake was significantly increased in skeletal muscle. While proximal insulin signaling was not changed after Rb1 treatment, increased phosphorylation of TBC1D4, a downstream target of AMPK signaling, appears to be a key part of the mechanism for Rb1-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. These findings indicate that Rb1 has multiple effects on glucose homeostasis, and provide strong rationale for further evaluation of its potential therapeutic role.
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