ArticleOncotarget2015
RICTOR involvement in the PI3K/AKT pathway regulation in melanocytes and melanoma.
Article in Oncotarget, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optineurin modulates mTORC2/AKT/STAT3 signaling to control MHC class II expression and adaptive immunity against HSV-1.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Breast cancer genomic analyses reveal genes, mutations, and signaling networks.Functional & integrative genomics · 2024Article
- Subungual melanoma with cartilaginous differentiation: Molecular insights.Journal of cutaneous pathology · 2024Article
- Role of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 in primary and secondary liver cancer.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2021Review
- Article
- mTOR-Rictor-EGFR axis in oncogenesis and diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme.Molecular biology reports · 2021Review
- Rictor Activates Cav 1 Through the Akt Signaling Pathway to Inhibit the Apoptosis of Gastric Cancer Cells.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- KPT-9274, an Inhibitor of PAK4 and NAMPT, Leads to Downregulation of mTORC2 in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells.Chemical research in toxicology · 2020Article
- Small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 promotes development and progression of colorectal cancer through negative regulation of miR-137.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2019Article
- Disruption of the RICTOR/mTORC2 complex enhances the response of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells to PI3K inhibition.Molecular oncology · 2019Article
- Screening and analysis of differentially expressed genes of human melanocytes in skin cells mixed culture.American journal of translational research · 2019Article
- miR-497 inhibits the carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting the Rictor/Akt signal pathway.International journal of clinical and experimental pathology · 2019Article
- Inhibition of mTORC2/RICTOR Impairs Melanoma Hepatic Metastasis.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2018Article
- Exploring major signaling cascades in melanomagenesis: a rationale route for targetted skin cancer therapy.Bioscience reports · 2018Review
- The role of RICTOR downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase in cancers.Molecular cancer · 2018Review
- Rictor regulates the vasculogenic mimicry of melanoma via the AKT-MMP-2/9 pathway.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2017Article
- Review
- Inhibition of mTORC2 component RICTOR impairs tumor growth in pancreatic cancer models.Oncotarget · 2017Article
- Targeting mTORC2 component rictor inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis in gastric cancer.American journal of translational research · 2017Article
- FOXC1 promotes melanoma by activating MST1R/PI3K/AKT.Oncotarget · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several studies have highlighted the importance of the PI3K pathway in melanocytes and its frequent over-activation in melanoma. However, little is known about regulation of the PI3K pathway in melanocytic cells. We showed that normal human melanocytes are less sensitive to selective PI3K or mTOR inhibitors than to dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors. The resistance to PI3K inhibitor was due to a rapid AKT reactivation limiting the inhibitor effect on proliferation. Reactivation of AKT was linked to a feedback mechanism involving the mTORC2 complex and in particular its scaffold protein RICTOR. RICTOR overexpression in melanocytes disrupted the negative feedback, activated the AKT pathway and stimulated clonogenicity highlighting the importance of this feedback to restrict melanocyte proliferation. We found that the RICTOR locus is frequently amplified and overexpressed in melanoma and that RICTOR over-expression in NRAS-transformed melanocytes stimulates their clonogenicity, demonstrating that RICTOR amplification can cooperate with NRAS mutation to stimulate melanoma proliferation. These results show that RICTOR plays a central role in PI3K pathway negative feedback in melanocytes and that its deregulation could be involved in melanoma development.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.